PMID- 29275223 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20180411 LR - 20240327 IS - 1879-3460 (Electronic) IS - 0168-1605 (Print) IS - 0168-1605 (Linking) VI - 266 DP - 2018 Feb 2 TI - Antimicrobial residues and resistance against critically important antimicrobials in non-typhoidal Salmonella from meat sold at wet markets and supermarkets in Vietnam. PG - 301-309 LID - S0168-1605(17)30537-8 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2017.12.015 [doi] AB - Excessive antimicrobial usage and deficiencies in hygiene in meat production systems may result in undesirable human health hazards, such as the presence of antimicrobial drug residues and non-typhoidal Salmonella (NTS), including antimicrobial resistant (AMR) NTS. Recently, Vietnam has witnessed the emergence of integrated intensive animal production systems, coexisting with more traditional, locally-sourced wet markets. To date no systematic studies have been carried out to compare health hazards in beef, pork and chicken in different production systems. We aimed to: (1) estimate the prevalence of antimicrobial residues in beef, pork and chicken meat; (2) investigate the prevalence and levels of NTS contamination; and (3) investigate serovar distribution and AMR against critically important antimicrobials by animal species and type of retail (wet market vs. supermarket) in Vietnam. Fresh pork, beef and chicken meat samples (N=357) sourced from wet markets and supermarkets in Ho Chi Minh City (HCMC), Hanoi and Dong Thap were screened for antimicrobial residues by PremiTest, and were further investigated by Charm II. Samples from HCMC (N=113) were cultured using ISO 6579:2002/Amd 1:2007. NTS bacteria were quantified using a minimum probable number (MPN) technique. NTS isolates were assigned to serovar by Multilocus Sequence Typing (MLST), and were investigated for their phenotypic susceptibility against 32 antimicrobials. A total of 26 (7.3%) samples tested positive by PremiTest (9.5% beef, 4.1% pork and 8.4% chicken meat). Sulfonamides, tetracyclines and macrolides were detected by Charm in 3.1%, 2.8% and 2.0% samples, respectively. Overall, meat samples from wet markets had a higher prevalence of residues than those from supermarkets (9.6% vs. 2.6%) (p=0.016). NTS were isolated from 68.4% samples from HCMC. Chicken samples from wet markets had by far the highest NTS counts (median 3.2 logMPN/g). NTS isolates displayed high levels of resistance against quinolones (52.2%) and beta-lactams (49.6%), but low levels against 3rd generation cephalosporins (4.4%) and aminoglycosides (0.8%). The highest adjusted prevalence of multidrug resistance (MDR) corresponded to isolates from chicken meat and pork (OR 8.3 and 1.8, respectively) (baseline=beef). S. Kentucky was the most common serovar identified (11 from chicken, 1 from beef) and 91.7% isolates was MDR. 11/12 isolates corresponded to ST198, a worldwide-disseminated multi-resistant NTS clone. We recommend stepping up policy measures to promote responsible antimicrobial use in animal production, as well as awareness about withdrawal periods to limit the hazard of residues in animal products, and improving slaughtering/hygiene procedures to limit cross-contamination with NTS, particularly in poultry wet markets. CI - Copyright (c) 2017 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. FAU - Nhung, Nguyen Thi AU - Nhung NT AD - Oxford University Clinical Research Unit, Hospital for Tropical Diseases, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam. Electronic address: nhungnt@oucru.org. FAU - Van, Nguyen Thi Bich AU - Van NTB AD - Oxford University Clinical Research Unit, Hospital for Tropical Diseases, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam. FAU - Cuong, Nguyen Van AU - Cuong NV AD - Oxford University Clinical Research Unit, Hospital for Tropical Diseases, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam. FAU - Duong, Truong Thi Quy AU - Duong TTQ AD - National Institute of Veterinary Research, Hanoi, Viet Nam. FAU - Nhat, Tran Thi AU - Nhat TT AD - National Institute of Veterinary Research, Hanoi, Viet Nam. FAU - Hang, Tran Thi Thu AU - Hang TTT AD - National Institute of Veterinary Research, Hanoi, Viet Nam. FAU - Nhi, Nguyen Thi Hong AU - Nhi NTH AD - Sub-Department of Animal Health and Production, Dong Thap Province, Viet Nam. FAU - Kiet, Bach Tuan AU - Kiet BT AD - Sub-Department of Animal Health and Production, Dong Thap Province, Viet Nam. FAU - Hien, Vo Be AU - Hien VB AD - Sub-Department of Animal Health and Production, Dong Thap Province, Viet Nam. FAU - Ngoc, Pham Thi AU - Ngoc PT AD - National Institute of Veterinary Research, Hanoi, Viet Nam. FAU - Campbell, James AU - Campbell J AD - Oxford University Clinical Research Unit, Hospital for Tropical Diseases, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam; Centre for Tropical Medicine and Global Health, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, Oxford University, United Kingdom. FAU - Thwaites, Guy AU - Thwaites G AD - Oxford University Clinical Research Unit, Hospital for Tropical Diseases, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam; Centre for Tropical Medicine and Global Health, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, Oxford University, United Kingdom. FAU - Carrique-Mas, Juan AU - Carrique-Mas J AD - Oxford University Clinical Research Unit, Hospital for Tropical Diseases, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam; Centre for Tropical Medicine and Global Health, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, Oxford University, United Kingdom. LA - eng GR - WT_/Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom GR - 110085/Z/15/Z/WT_/Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom PT - Journal Article DEP - 20171217 PL - Netherlands TA - Int J Food Microbiol JT - International journal of food microbiology JID - 8412849 RN - 0 (Anti-Bacterial Agents) RN - 0 (Anti-Infective Agents) SB - IM MH - Animals MH - Anti-Bacterial Agents/analysis/pharmacology MH - Anti-Infective Agents/*analysis/pharmacology MH - Cattle MH - *Drug Resistance, Bacterial MH - Meat/analysis/*microbiology MH - Multilocus Sequence Typing MH - Poultry MH - Prevalence MH - Salmonella/*drug effects/genetics/isolation & purification MH - Swine MH - Vietnam PMC - PMC5783717 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Antimicrobial residues OT - Antimicrobial resistance OT - Livestock OT - Meat OT - Poultry OT - Salmonella EDAT- 2017/12/25 06:00 MHDA- 2018/04/12 06:00 PMCR- 2018/02/02 CRDT- 2017/12/25 06:00 PHST- 2017/08/25 00:00 [received] PHST- 2017/12/01 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2017/12/15 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2017/12/25 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2018/04/12 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2017/12/25 06:00 [entrez] PHST- 2018/02/02 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S0168-1605(17)30537-8 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2017.12.015 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Int J Food Microbiol. 2018 Feb 2;266:301-309. doi: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2017.12.015. Epub 2017 Dec 17.