PMID- 29284018
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20180129
LR  - 20181113
IS  - 1932-6203 (Electronic)
IS  - 1932-6203 (Linking)
VI  - 12
IP  - 12
DP  - 2017
TI  - Changes of microbial population and N-cycling function genes with depth in three 
      Chinese paddy soils.
PG  - e0189506
LID - 10.1371/journal.pone.0189506 [doi]
LID - e0189506
AB  - Microbial communities play critical roles in soil nitrogen (N) cycle; however, we 
      have limited understanding of the distribution of N-cycling microbial groups in 
      deeper soil horizons. In this study, we used quantitative PCR to characterize the 
      changes of microbial populations (16S rRNA and 18S rRNA) and five key N-cycling 
      gene abundances involved in N fixation (nifH), ammonia oxidation (amoA) by 
      ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) and ammonia-oxidizing archaea (AOA), and nitrite 
      reduction (nirS and nirK) along profiles (0-100 cm depth) of different paddy 
      soils from three regions (Hailun, Changshu, Yingtan) across China from north to 
      south. We found that most microbial and N-cycling functional genes significantly 
      decreased with soil depth; however, AOA were enriched in deeper soil layers 
      (20-40 cm). The abundances of microbial and N-cycling functional genes generally 
      decreased by one to two orders of magnitude in the deeper horizons relative to 
      topsoils. The AOA gene abundance was higher than that of AOB in the paddy soil 
      profile, and the nirS and nirK abundances were dominant in topsoil and deeper 
      soil, respectively. All N functional genes except AOA were more abundant in 
      Changshu than Hailun and Yingtan. High abundances and low vertical changes of 
      N-cycling genes in Changshu suggest more dynamic N-transformations in this 
      region. Correlation analysis showed that soil properties and climate parameters 
      had a significant relationship with N-cycling gene abundances. Moreover, the 
      abundance of different N-cycling genes was affected by different environmental 
      parameters, which should be studied further to explore their roles in N cycling 
      for sustainable agriculture and environmental management.
FAU - Wang, Huanhuan
AU  - Wang H
AD  - Key Laboratory of Pollution Ecology and Environmental Engineering, Institute of 
      Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, China.
AD  - Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
FAU - Li, Xu
AU  - Li X
AD  - Key Laboratory of Pollution Ecology and Environmental Engineering, Institute of 
      Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, China.
FAU - Li, Xiang
AU  - Li X
AD  - Key Laboratory of Pollution Ecology and Environmental Engineering, Institute of 
      Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, China.
AD  - Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
FAU - Li, Xinyu
AU  - Li X
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6585-2330
AD  - Key Laboratory of Pollution Ecology and Environmental Engineering, Institute of 
      Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, China.
FAU - Wang, Jian
AU  - Wang J
AD  - Key Laboratory of Pollution Ecology and Environmental Engineering, Institute of 
      Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, China.
AD  - Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
FAU - Zhang, Huiwen
AU  - Zhang H
AD  - Key Laboratory of Pollution Ecology and Environmental Engineering, Institute of 
      Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, China.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20171228
PL  - United States
TA  - PLoS One
JT  - PloS one
JID - 101285081
RN  - 0 (RNA, Ribosomal, 16S)
RN  - 0 (RNA, Ribosomal, 18S)
RN  - N762921K75 (Nitrogen)
SB  - IM
MH  - *Agriculture
MH  - Bacteria/genetics/isolation & purification/metabolism
MH  - China
MH  - Fungi/genetics/isolation & purification/metabolism
MH  - Genes, Bacterial
MH  - Genes, Fungal
MH  - Nitrogen/metabolism
MH  - RNA, Ribosomal, 16S/genetics
MH  - RNA, Ribosomal, 18S/genetics
MH  - Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction
MH  - *Soil Microbiology
PMC - PMC5746221
COIS- Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
EDAT- 2017/12/29 06:00
MHDA- 2018/01/30 06:00
PMCR- 2017/12/28
CRDT- 2017/12/29 06:00
PHST- 2017/08/30 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2017/11/28 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2017/12/29 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2017/12/29 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2018/01/30 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2017/12/28 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - PONE-D-17-31840 [pii]
AID - 10.1371/journal.pone.0189506 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - PLoS One. 2017 Dec 28;12(12):e0189506. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0189506. 
      eCollection 2017.