PMID- 29286001 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20180731 LR - 20181202 IS - 2050-084X (Electronic) IS - 2050-084X (Linking) VI - 6 DP - 2017 Dec 29 TI - Environmental stimuli shape microglial plasticity in glioma. LID - 10.7554/eLife.33415 [doi] LID - e33415 AB - In glioma, microglia and infiltrating macrophages are exposed to factors that force them to produce cytokines and chemokines, which contribute to tumor growth and to maintaining a pro-tumorigenic, immunosuppressed microenvironment. We demonstrate that housing glioma-bearing mice in enriched environment (EE) reverts the immunosuppressive phenotype of infiltrating myeloid cells, by modulating inflammatory gene expression. Under these conditions, the branching and patrolling activity of myeloid cells is increased, and their phagocytic activity is promoted. Modulation of gene expression depends on interferon-(IFN)-gamma produced by natural killer (NK) cells. This modulation disappears in mice depleted of NK cells or lacking IFN-gamma, and was mimicked by exogenous interleukin-15 (IL-15). Further, we describe a key role for brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) that is produced in the brain of mice housed in EE, in mediating the expression of IL-15 in CD11b(+) cells. These data define novel mechanisms linking environmental cues to the acquisition of a pro-inflammatory, anti-tumor microenvironment in mouse brain. CI - (c) 2017, Garofalo et al. FAU - Garofalo, Stefano AU - Garofalo S AD - IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy. FAU - Porzia, Alessandra AU - Porzia A AD - IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy. FAU - Mainiero, Fabrizio AU - Mainiero F AD - Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy. FAU - Di Angelantonio, Silvia AU - Di Angelantonio S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1434-3648 AD - Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy. AD - Center for Life Nanoscience, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Rome, Italy. FAU - Cortese, Barbara AU - Cortese B AD - Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Institute of Nanotechnology, Rome, Italy. FAU - Basilico, Bernadette AU - Basilico B AD - Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy. FAU - Pagani, Francesca AU - Pagani F AD - Center for Life Nanoscience, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Rome, Italy. FAU - Cignitti, Giorgio AU - Cignitti G AD - Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy. FAU - Chece, Giuseppina AU - Chece G AD - Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy. FAU - Maggio, Roberta AU - Maggio R AD - Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy. FAU - Tremblay, Marie-Eve AU - Tremblay ME AD - Departement de medecine moleculaire, Universite Laval, Quebec, Canada. FAU - Savage, Julie AU - Savage J AD - Departement de medecine moleculaire, Universite Laval, Quebec, Canada. FAU - Bisht, Kanchan AU - Bisht K AD - Departement de medecine moleculaire, Universite Laval, Quebec, Canada. FAU - Esposito, Vincenzo AU - Esposito V AD - IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy. AD - Department of Neurology and Psychiatry, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy. FAU - Bernardini, Giovanni AU - Bernardini G AD - IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy. AD - Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy. FAU - Seyfried, Thomas AU - Seyfried T AD - Biology Department, Boston College, boston, United States. FAU - Mieczkowski, Jakub AU - Mieczkowski J AD - Neurobiology Center, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland. FAU - Stepniak, Karolina AU - Stepniak K AD - Neurobiology Center, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland. FAU - Kaminska, Bozena AU - Kaminska B AD - Neurobiology Center, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland. FAU - Santoni, Angela AU - Santoni A AD - IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy. AD - Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy. FAU - Limatola, Cristina AU - Limatola C AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7504-8197 AD - IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy. AD - Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sapienza University, Laboratory affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia - Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Rome, Italy. LA - eng GR - AIRC2015 IG16699/Associazione Italiana per la Ricerca sul Cancro/International GR - PRIN 2015/Ministero dell'Istruzione, dell'Universita e della Ricerca/International GR - Starting Grant/CRCHU/International GR - Euronanomed2: Nanoglio/European Commission/International GR - AIRC2014 IG16014/Associazione Italiana per la Ricerca sul Cancro/International PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20171229 PL - England TA - Elife JT - eLife JID - 101579614 RN - 0 (Cytokines) SB - IM MH - Animals MH - *Cell Plasticity MH - Cytokines/metabolism MH - Disease Models, Animal MH - Glioma/*physiopathology MH - Immune Tolerance MH - Killer Cells, Natural/physiology MH - Macrophages/physiology MH - Mice MH - Microglia/*physiology MH - *Tumor Microenvironment PMC - PMC5774898 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Glioma OT - NK cells OT - enriched environment OT - microglia OT - mouse OT - mouse model OT - neuroscience COIS- SG, AP, FM, SD, BC, BB, FP, GC, GC, RM, MT, JS, KB, VE, GB, TS, JM, KS, BK, AS, CL No competing interests declared EDAT- 2017/12/30 06:00 MHDA- 2018/08/01 06:00 PMCR- 2017/12/29 CRDT- 2017/12/30 06:00 PHST- 2017/11/09 00:00 [received] PHST- 2017/12/28 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2017/12/30 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2018/08/01 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2017/12/30 06:00 [entrez] PHST- 2017/12/29 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 33415 [pii] AID - 10.7554/eLife.33415 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Elife. 2017 Dec 29;6:e33415. doi: 10.7554/eLife.33415.