PMID- 29313103 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20180829 LR - 20220316 IS - 1432-2048 (Electronic) IS - 0032-0935 (Linking) VI - 247 IP - 4 DP - 2018 Apr TI - Plant synthetic GP4 and GP5 proteins from porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus elicit immune responses in pigs. PG - 973-985 LID - 10.1007/s00425-017-2836-z [doi] AB - We demonstrated successful overexpression of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV)-derived GP4D and GP5D antigenic proteins in Arabidopsis. Pigs immunized with transgenic plants expressing GP4D and GP5D proteins generated both humoral and cellular immune responses to PRRSV. Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) causes PRRS, the most economically significant disease affecting the swine industry worldwide. However, current commercial PRRSV vaccines (killed virus or modified live vaccines) show poor efficacy and safety due to concerns such as reversion of virus to wild type and lack of cross protection. To overcome these problems, plants are considered a promising alternative to conventional platforms and as a vehicle for large-scale production of recombinant proteins. Here, we demonstrate successful production of recombinant protein vaccine by expressing codon-optimized and transmembrane-deleted recombinant glycoproteins (GP4D and GP5D) from PRRSV in planta. We generated transgenic Arabidopsis plants expressing GP4D and GP5D proteins as candidate antigens. To examine immunogenicity, pigs were fed transgenic Arabidopsis leaves expressing the GP4D and GP5D antigens (three times at 2-week intervals) and then challenged with PRRSV at 6-week post-initial treatment. Immunized pigs showed significantly lower lung lesion scores and reduced viremia and viral loads in the lung than pigs fed Arabidopsis leaves expressing mYFP (control). Immunized pigs also had higher titers of PRRSV-specific antibodies and significantly higher levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-alpha and IL-12). Furthermore, the numbers of IFN-gamma(+)-producing cells were higher, and those of regulatory T cells were lower, in GP4D and GP5D immunized pigs than in control pigs. Thus, plant-derived GP4D and GP5D proteins provide an alternative platform for producing an effective subunit vaccine against PRRSV. FAU - An, Chul Han AU - An CH AD - Biological Resource Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), 181 Ipsin-gil, Jeongeup, Jeonbuk, 56212, Republic of Korea. AD - Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea. FAU - Nazki, Salik AU - Nazki S AD - College of Veterinary Medicine and College of Environmental and Biosource Science, Chonbuk National University, Iksan, Jeonbuk, 54596, Republic of Korea. FAU - Park, Sung-Chul AU - Park SC AD - Biological Resource Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), 181 Ipsin-gil, Jeongeup, Jeonbuk, 56212, Republic of Korea. FAU - Jeong, Yu Jeong AU - Jeong YJ AD - Biological Resource Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), 181 Ipsin-gil, Jeongeup, Jeonbuk, 56212, Republic of Korea. FAU - Lee, Ju Huck AU - Lee JH AD - Biological Resource Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), 181 Ipsin-gil, Jeongeup, Jeonbuk, 56212, Republic of Korea. FAU - Park, Su-Jin AU - Park SJ AD - Natural Product Material Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), 181 Ipsin-gil, Jeongeup, Jeonbuk, 56212, Republic of Korea. FAU - Khatun, Amina AU - Khatun A AD - College of Veterinary Medicine and College of Environmental and Biosource Science, Chonbuk National University, Iksan, Jeonbuk, 54596, Republic of Korea. FAU - Kim, Won-Il AU - Kim WI AD - College of Veterinary Medicine and College of Environmental and Biosource Science, Chonbuk National University, Iksan, Jeonbuk, 54596, Republic of Korea. FAU - Park, Youn-Il AU - Park YI AD - Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea. FAU - Jeong, Jae Cheol AU - Jeong JC AD - Biological Resource Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), 181 Ipsin-gil, Jeongeup, Jeonbuk, 56212, Republic of Korea. jcjeong@kribb.re.kr. FAU - Kim, Cha Young AU - Kim CY AD - Biological Resource Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), 181 Ipsin-gil, Jeongeup, Jeonbuk, 56212, Republic of Korea. kimcy@kribb.re.kr. LA - eng GR - PJ01107004/Next-Generation BioGreen 21 Program/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20180108 PL - Germany TA - Planta JT - Planta JID - 1250576 RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) RN - 0 (Antigens, Viral) RN - 0 (Vaccines, Synthetic) SB - IM MH - Animals MH - Antibodies, Viral/immunology MH - Antigens, Viral/immunology MH - Arabidopsis/genetics/metabolism MH - Blotting, Western MH - Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay MH - Flow Cytometry MH - Immunity, Cellular MH - Immunity, Humoral MH - Leukocytes, Mononuclear/immunology MH - Plants, Genetically Modified/genetics/metabolism MH - Porcine respiratory and reproductive syndrome virus/*immunology MH - Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction MH - Swine/immunology/virology MH - Vaccines, Synthetic/biosynthesis/immunology OTO - NOTNLM OT - Glycoprotein OT - Immunogenicity OT - PRRSV OT - Plant-based vaccine OT - Protein expression OT - Subcellular targeting vector EDAT- 2018/01/10 06:00 MHDA- 2018/08/30 06:00 CRDT- 2018/01/10 06:00 PHST- 2017/09/06 00:00 [received] PHST- 2017/12/13 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2018/01/10 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2018/08/30 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2018/01/10 06:00 [entrez] AID - 10.1007/s00425-017-2836-z [pii] AID - 10.1007/s00425-017-2836-z [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Planta. 2018 Apr;247(4):973-985. doi: 10.1007/s00425-017-2836-z. Epub 2018 Jan 8.