PMID- 29316351
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20190318
LR  - 20190318
IS  - 2472-1727 (Electronic)
VI  - 110
IP  - 6
DP  - 2018 Apr 3
TI  - Gestational triphenyl phosphate exposure in C57Bl/6 mice perturbs expression of 
      insulin-like growth factor signaling genes in maternal and fetal liver.
PG  - 483-494
LID - 10.1002/bdr2.1185 [doi]
AB  - Triphenyl phosphate (TPhP) is an organophosphorus flame retardant and plasticizer 
      that has been added to numerous consumer products in recent years. TPhP is not 
      overtly toxic, however recent studies have suggested that it may have metabolic 
      disrupting effects following developmental exposure. The present study aimed to 
      investigate the developmental and potential metabolic effects of TPhP in a murine 
      model. C57Bl/6 dams were exposed on gestational days (GD) 8, 10, 12, and 14 to 0, 
      5, 25, or 50 mg/kg TPhP via intraperitoneal injection. Dams were euthanized on 
      GD19, maternal organs excised and weighed, fetal measurements taken, and maternal 
      and fetal livers retained for analysis. A significant increase in placenta size 
      of TPhP exposed mice was found. Maternal and fetal liver gene expression of 
      insulin-like growth factor (Igf) 1 and 2, as well as downstream genes involved in 
      Igf signaling were measured. Additionally, Igf1 protein levels were measured in 
      both maternal and fetal liver. A significant decrease in transcript levels of 
      Igf1 and Irs2 was detected in maternal livers, whereas a significant increase in 
      transcript levels of all genes measured was detected in fetal liver. A 
      significant decrease in Igf1 protein levels was detected in maternal liver, 
      however the increase in Igf1 protein levels in fetal livers was not found to be 
      statistically significant. These results support previous findings that TPhP does 
      not cause overt structural developmental toxicity. These data also support the 
      hypothesis that TPhP could disrupt maternal and fetal metabolism, justifying the 
      need for follow-up studies to investigate further.
CI  - (c) 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
FAU - Philbrook, Nicola A
AU  - Philbrook NA
AD  - Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, 
      ON, K7L3N6, Canada.
FAU - Restivo, Victoria E
AU  - Restivo VE
AD  - School of Environmental Studies, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, K7L3N6, 
      Canada.
FAU - Belanger, Christine L
AU  - Belanger CL
AD  - Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, 
      ON, K7L3N6, Canada.
FAU - Winn, Louise M
AU  - Winn LM
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1088-5538
AD  - Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, 
      ON, K7L3N6, Canada.
AD  - School of Environmental Studies, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, K7L3N6, 
      Canada.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20180108
PL  - United States
TA  - Birth Defects Res
JT  - Birth defects research
JID - 101701004
RN  - 0 (Insulin)
RN  - 0 (Organophosphates)
RN  - 0 (RNA, Messenger)
RN  - 67763-96-6 (Insulin-Like Growth Factor I)
RN  - YZE19Z66EA (triphenyl phosphate)
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Female
MH  - Fetus/*metabolism
MH  - Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental/*drug effects
MH  - Insulin/metabolism
MH  - Insulin-Like Growth Factor I/*metabolism
MH  - Liver/drug effects/embryology/*metabolism
MH  - Male
MH  - *Maternal Exposure
MH  - Mice, Inbred C57BL
MH  - Organ Size/drug effects
MH  - Organophosphates/*toxicity
MH  - Pregnancy
MH  - RNA, Messenger/genetics/metabolism
MH  - Signal Transduction/drug effects/*genetics
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - C57Bl/6 mice
OT  - birth defects
OT  - development
OT  - insulin-like growth factor
OT  - triphenyl phosphate
EDAT- 2018/01/10 06:00
MHDA- 2019/03/19 06:00
CRDT- 2018/01/10 06:00
PHST- 2017/10/11 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2017/11/20 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2017/11/21 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2018/01/10 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2019/03/19 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2018/01/10 06:00 [entrez]
AID - 10.1002/bdr2.1185 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Birth Defects Res. 2018 Apr 3;110(6):483-494. doi: 10.1002/bdr2.1185. Epub 2018 
      Jan 8.