PMID- 29325542 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20180515 LR - 20231105 IS - 1471-2334 (Electronic) IS - 1471-2334 (Linking) VI - 18 IP - 1 DP - 2018 Jan 11 TI - Visceral adipose tissue and carotid intima-media thickness in HIV-infected patients undergoing cART: a prospective cohort study. PG - 32 LID - 10.1186/s12879-017-2884-9 [doi] LID - 32 AB - BACKGROUND: Combined antiretroviral therapy (cART) in HIV-infected patients has been associated with lipodystrophy, metabolic abnormalities, and an increased risk of cardiovascular disease. Ultrasound measures of carotid artery intima-media thickness (cIMT) have been used as a valid measure of subclinical atherosclerosis and as a tool to predict the risk of cardiovascular events. Our aim was to evaluate the progression of cIMT in HIV-infected patients subjected to cART, with and without lipodystrophy, over a one-year period. METHODS: We performed a one-year prospective cohort study to compare changes in cIMT, metabolic and inflammation markers in HIV-infected patients undergoing cART. Body composition was assessed by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) and abdominal computed tomography (CT). Levels of blood pressure, lipids and inflammatory markers were evaluated, as well as ultrasound measures of cIMT. Lipodystrophy defined by Fat Mass Ratio (L-FMR) is measured as the ratio of the percentage of trunk fat mass to the percentage of lower limb fat mass by DXA. Categorical variables were compared, using the chi-square or Fisher's exact test. Wilcoxon ranks tests and the McNemar chi-square tests were used to compare results of selected variables, from the first to the second year of evaluation. Means of cIMT, adjusted for age, glucose, triglycerides levels, systolic blood pressure (SBP), and waist to hip ratio were calculated, using generalised linear models for repeated measures. RESULTS: L-FMR was present in 44.3% of patients, and the mean of cIMT increased significantly in this group [0.82 (0.26) vs 0.92 (0.33); p = 0.037], as well as in patients without lipodystrophy [0.73 (0.20) vs 0.84 (0.30); p = 0.012]. In the overall sample, the progression of cIMT was statistically significant after the adjustment for age, glucose, triglycerides, and SBP, but the significance of the progression ceased after the adjustment for waist/hip ratio [0.770 (0.737-0.803) vs 0.874 (0.815-0.933); p = 0.514]. CONCLUSIONS: Carotid IMT progressed significantly in both groups of this HIV-infected cohort, however no association between the progression of cIMT and the presence of lipodystrophy defined by FMR was found. Visceral adipose tissue had an impact on the increment of cIMT, both in patients with, and without lipodystrophy defined by FMR. FAU - Beires, Maria Teresa AU - Beires MT AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8341-8506 AD - Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto. Alameda Prof. Hernani Monteiro, 4200-319, Porto, Portugal. mimed11100@med.up.pt. FAU - Silva-Pinto, Andre AU - Silva-Pinto A AD - Infectious Diseases Department, Centro Hospitalar Sao Joao, Porto, Portugal. AD - Renal, Urological and Infectious Diseases Department, Faculty of Medicine of University of Porto, Porto, Portugal. FAU - Santos, Ana Cristina AU - Santos AC AD - EPIUnit - Instituto de Saude Publica, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal. AD - Departamento de Ciencias da Saude Publica e Forenses e Educacao Medica, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal. FAU - Madureira, Antonio Jose AU - Madureira AJ AD - Radiology Department, Hospital de Sao Joao and University of Porto Medical School, Porto, Portugal. FAU - Pereira, Jorge AU - Pereira J AD - Nuclear Medicine Department, Hospital de Sao Joao, Porto, Portugal. FAU - Carvalho, Davide AU - Carvalho D AD - Endocrinology Department, Hospital de Sao Joao and University of Porto Medical School, Porto, Portugal. FAU - Sarmento, Antonio AU - Sarmento A AD - Infectious Diseases Department, Centro Hospitalar Sao Joao, Porto, Portugal. AD - Renal, Urological and Infectious Diseases Department, Faculty of Medicine of University of Porto, Porto, Portugal. FAU - Freitas, Paula AU - Freitas P AD - Endocrinology Department, Hospital de Sao Joao and University of Porto Medical School, Porto, Portugal. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20180111 PL - England TA - BMC Infect Dis JT - BMC infectious diseases JID - 100968551 RN - 0 (Anti-HIV Agents) RN - 0 (Biomarkers) RN - 0 (Triglycerides) SB - IM MH - Absorptiometry, Photon MH - Adult MH - Anti-HIV Agents/therapeutic use MH - Atherosclerosis/etiology MH - Biomarkers/analysis MH - Body Composition/drug effects/physiology MH - Cardiovascular Diseases/etiology MH - *Carotid Intima-Media Thickness MH - Cohort Studies MH - Female MH - HIV Infections/*drug therapy/*physiopathology MH - Humans MH - Intra-Abdominal Fat/*drug effects MH - Lipodystrophy/etiology MH - Male MH - Middle Aged MH - Prospective Studies MH - Risk Factors MH - Triglycerides/blood PMC - PMC5765644 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Carotid intima media thickness OT - Fat mass ratio OT - HIV OT - Lipodystrophy COIS- ETHICS APPROVAL AND CONSENT TO PARTICIPATE: All patients provided written informed consent and the study protocol was approved by the Sao Joao Hospital's Ethics Committee for Health. CONSENT FOR PUBLICATION: Not applicable. COMPETING INTERESTS: The authors declare that they have no competing interests. PUBLISHER'S NOTE: Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. EDAT- 2018/01/13 06:00 MHDA- 2018/05/16 06:00 PMCR- 2018/01/11 CRDT- 2018/01/13 06:00 PHST- 2017/06/15 00:00 [received] PHST- 2017/12/05 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2018/01/13 06:00 [entrez] PHST- 2018/01/13 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2018/05/16 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2018/01/11 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s12879-017-2884-9 [pii] AID - 2884 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s12879-017-2884-9 [doi] PST - epublish SO - BMC Infect Dis. 2018 Jan 11;18(1):32. doi: 10.1186/s12879-017-2884-9.