PMID- 29325778
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20180420
LR  - 20210109
IS  - 1096-0341 (Electronic)
IS  - 0042-6822 (Print)
IS  - 0042-6822 (Linking)
VI  - 517
DP  - 2018 Apr
TI  - Nonstructural proteins nsp2TF and nsp2N of porcine reproductive and respiratory 
      syndrome virus (PRRSV) play important roles in suppressing host innate immune 
      responses.
PG  - 164-176
LID - S0042-6822(17)30422-1 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.virol.2017.12.017 [doi]
AB  - Recently, we identified a unique -2/-1 ribosomal frameshift mechanism in PRRSV, 
      which yields two truncated forms of nonstructural protein (nsp) 2 variants, 
      nsp2TF and nsp2N. Here, in vitro expression of individual PRRSV nsp2TF and nsp2N 
      demonstrated their ability to suppress cellular innate immune responses in 
      transfected cells. Two recombinant viruses were further analyzed, in which either 
      nsp2TF was C-terminally truncated (vKO1) or expression of both nsp2TF and nsp2N 
      was knocked out (vKO2). Host cellular mRNA profiling showed that a panel of 
      cellular immune genes, in particular those involved in innate immunity, was 
      upregulated in cells infected with vKO1 and vKO2. Compared to the wild-type 
      virus, vKO1 and vKO2 expedited the IFN-alpha response and increased NK cell 
      cytotoxicity, and subsequently enhanced T cell immune responses in infected pigs. 
      Our data strongly implicate nsp2TF/nsp2N in arteriviral immune evasion and 
      demonstrate that nsp2TF/nsp2N-deficient PRRSV is less capable of counteracting 
      host innate immune responses.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2017 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
FAU - Li, Y
AU  - Li Y
AD  - Department of Diagnostic Medicine and Pathobiology, Kansas State Veterinary 
      Diagnostic Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, 
      Manhattan, KS 66506, USA.
FAU - Shang, P
AU  - Shang P
AD  - Department of Diagnostic Medicine and Pathobiology, Kansas State Veterinary 
      Diagnostic Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, 
      Manhattan, KS 66506, USA.
FAU - Shyu, D
AU  - Shyu D
AD  - Food Animal Health Research Program (FAHRP), Veterinary Preventive Medicine, The 
      Ohio State University, Wooster, OH 44691, USA.
FAU - Carrillo, C
AU  - Carrillo C
AD  - Physical & Life Sciences Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 
      Livermore, CA 94550, USA.
FAU - Naraghi-Arani, P
AU  - Naraghi-Arani P
AD  - Physical & Life Sciences Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 
      Livermore, CA 94550, USA.
FAU - Jaing, Crystal J
AU  - Jaing CJ
AD  - Physical & Life Sciences Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 
      Livermore, CA 94550, USA.
FAU - Renukaradhya, G J
AU  - Renukaradhya GJ
AD  - Food Animal Health Research Program (FAHRP), Veterinary Preventive Medicine, The 
      Ohio State University, Wooster, OH 44691, USA.
FAU - Firth, A E
AU  - Firth AE
AD  - Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1QP, United 
      Kingdom.
FAU - Snijder, E J
AU  - Snijder EJ
AD  - Molecular Virology Laboratory, Department of Medical Microbiology, Leiden 
      University Medical Center, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands.
FAU - Fang, Y
AU  - Fang Y
AD  - Department of Diagnostic Medicine and Pathobiology, Kansas State Veterinary 
      Diagnostic Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, 
      Manhattan, KS 66506, USA. Electronic address: yfang@vet.k-state.edu.
LA  - eng
GR  - WT_/Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom
GR  - 106207/WT_/Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PT  - Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
DEP - 20180108
PL  - United States
TA  - Virology
JT  - Virology
JID - 0110674
RN  - 0 (RNA, Messenger)
RN  - 0 (Viral Nonstructural Proteins)
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Cell Line
MH  - Chlorocebus aethiops
MH  - Gene Expression Regulation/immunology
MH  - Immunity, Innate
MH  - Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome/*immunology/virology
MH  - Porcine respiratory and reproductive syndrome virus/immunology/*metabolism
MH  - RNA, Messenger/genetics/metabolism
MH  - Swine
MH  - Up-Regulation
MH  - Viral Nonstructural Proteins/*immunology/metabolism
PMC - PMC5884420
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Innate immune response
OT  - PRRSV
OT  - Ribosomal frameshift
OT  - nsp2N
OT  - nsp2TF
EDAT- 2018/01/13 06:00
MHDA- 2018/04/21 06:00
PMCR- 2018/04/01
CRDT- 2018/01/13 06:00
PHST- 2017/10/03 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2017/12/14 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2017/12/15 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2018/01/13 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2018/04/21 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2018/01/13 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2018/04/01 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - S0042-6822(17)30422-1 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.virol.2017.12.017 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Virology. 2018 Apr;517:164-176. doi: 10.1016/j.virol.2017.12.017. Epub 2018 Jan 
      8.