PMID- 29342221 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20180226 LR - 20240313 IS - 1932-6203 (Electronic) IS - 1932-6203 (Linking) VI - 13 IP - 1 DP - 2018 TI - Genotype-by-environment interactions affecting heterosis in maize. PG - e0191321 LID - 10.1371/journal.pone.0191321 [doi] LID - e0191321 AB - The environment can influence heterosis, the phenomena in which the offspring of two inbred parents exhibits phenotypic performance beyond the inbred parents for specific traits. In this study we measured 25 traits in a set of 47 maize hybrids and their inbred parents grown in 16 different environments with varying levels of average productivity. By quantifying 25 vegetative and reproductive traits across the life cycle we were able to analyze interactions between the environment and multiple distinct instances of heterosis. The magnitude and rank among hybrids for better-parent heterosis (BPH) varied for the different traits and environments. Across the traits, a higher within plot variance was observed for inbred lines compared to hybrids. However, for most traits, variance across environments was not significantly different for inbred lines compared to hybrids. Further, for many traits the correlations of BPH to hybrid performance and BPH to better parent performance were of comparable magnitude. These results indicate that inbred lines and hybrids show similar trends in environmental response and both are contributing to observed genotype-by-environment interactions for heterosis. This study highlights the degree of heterosis is not an inherent trait of a specific hybrid, but varies depending on the trait measured and the environment where that trait is measured. Studies that attempt to correlate molecular processes with heterosis are hindered by the fact that heterosis is not a consistent attribute of a specific hybrid. FAU - Li, Zhi AU - Li Z AD - Department of Agronomy and Plant Genetics, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, Minnesota, United States of America. FAU - Coffey, Lisa AU - Coffey L AD - Department of Agronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, United States of America. FAU - Garfin, Jacob AU - Garfin J AD - Department of Agronomy and Plant Genetics, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, Minnesota, United States of America. FAU - Miller, Nathan D AU - Miller ND AD - Department of Botany, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America. FAU - White, Michael R AU - White MR AD - Department of Agronomy, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America. FAU - Spalding, Edgar P AU - Spalding EP AD - Department of Botany, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America. FAU - de Leon, Natalia AU - de Leon N AD - Department of Agronomy, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America. FAU - Kaeppler, Shawn M AU - Kaeppler SM AD - Department of Agronomy, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America. FAU - Schnable, Patrick S AU - Schnable PS AD - Department of Agronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, United States of America. FAU - Springer, Nathan M AU - Springer NM AD - Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, Minnesota, United States of America. FAU - Hirsch, Candice N AU - Hirsch CN AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8833-3023 AD - Department of Agronomy and Plant Genetics, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, Minnesota, United States of America. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20180117 PL - United States TA - PLoS One JT - PloS one JID - 101285081 SB - IM EIN - PLoS One. 2019 Aug 5;14(8):e0219528. PMID: 31381609 MH - *Gene-Environment Interaction MH - Genotype MH - Hybrid Vigor/*genetics MH - Zea mays/*genetics PMC - PMC5771596 COIS- Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist. EDAT- 2018/01/18 06:00 MHDA- 2018/02/27 06:00 PMCR- 2018/01/17 CRDT- 2018/01/18 06:00 PHST- 2017/06/10 00:00 [received] PHST- 2018/01/03 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2018/01/18 06:00 [entrez] PHST- 2018/01/18 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2018/02/27 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2018/01/17 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - PONE-D-17-22264 [pii] AID - 10.1371/journal.pone.0191321 [doi] PST - epublish SO - PLoS One. 2018 Jan 17;13(1):e0191321. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0191321. eCollection 2018.