PMID- 29372172 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20220318 IS - 2328-8957 (Print) IS - 2328-8957 (Electronic) IS - 2328-8957 (Linking) VI - 5 IP - 1 DP - 2018 Jan TI - Cryptococcal Disease in the Era of "Test and Treat": Is There Cause for Concern? PG - ofx274 LID - 10.1093/ofid/ofx274 [doi] LID - ofx274 AB - Treatment of cryptococcosis requires deferred initiation of antiretroviral therapy (ART). Early ART initiation may be detrimental in the context of cryptococcal infection by increasing the risk of immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS). We present 3 cases where early ART initiation in the presence of unrecognized cryptococcal disease had fatal outcomes. FAU - Abassi, Mahsa AU - Abassi M AD - Infectious Diseases Institute, Kampala, Uganda. AD - University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota. FAU - Rhein, Joshua AU - Rhein J AD - Infectious Diseases Institute, Kampala, Uganda. AD - University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota. FAU - Meya, David B AU - Meya DB AD - Infectious Diseases Institute, Kampala, Uganda. AD - University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota. AD - School of Medicine, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda. FAU - Boulware, David R AU - Boulware DR AD - University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota. LA - eng GR - K01 TW010268/TW/FIC NIH HHS/United States GR - R01 NS086312/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/United States GR - R25 TW009345/TW/FIC NIH HHS/United States GR - T32 AI055433/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article DEP - 20171226 PL - United States TA - Open Forum Infect Dis JT - Open forum infectious diseases JID - 101637045 PMC - PMC5777480 OTO - NOTNLM OT - HIV OT - cryptococcal immune reconstitution syndrome OT - test and treat EDAT- 2018/01/27 06:00 MHDA- 2018/01/27 06:01 PMCR- 2017/12/26 CRDT- 2018/01/27 06:00 PHST- 2017/10/02 00:00 [received] PHST- 2017/12/24 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2018/01/27 06:00 [entrez] PHST- 2018/01/27 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2018/01/27 06:01 [medline] PHST- 2017/12/26 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - ofx274 [pii] AID - 10.1093/ofid/ofx274 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Open Forum Infect Dis. 2017 Dec 26;5(1):ofx274. doi: 10.1093/ofid/ofx274. eCollection 2018 Jan.