PMID- 29384873
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20180209
LR  - 20240315
IS  - 1536-5964 (Electronic)
IS  - 0025-7974 (Print)
IS  - 0025-7974 (Linking)
VI  - 97
IP  - 5
DP  - 2018 Feb
TI  - Acute recreational drug toxicity: Comparison of self-reports and results of 
      immunoassay and additional analytical methods in a multicenter European case 
      series.
PG  - e9784
LID - 10.1097/MD.0000000000009784 [doi]
LID - e9784
AB  - The aim of the study was to compare self-reported and analytically confirmed 
      substance use in cases of acute recreational drug toxicity.We performed a 
      retrospective analysis of emergency department presentations of acute 
      recreational drug toxicity over 2 years (October 2013 to September 2015) within 
      the European Drug Emergencies Network Plus project.Among the 10,956 cases of 
      acute recreational drug toxicity during the study period, 831 could be included. 
      Between the self-reported substance use and the toxicological results, the 
      highest agreement was found for heroin (86.1%) and cocaine (74.1%), whereas 
      inhalants, poppers, and magic mushrooms were self-reported but not analytically 
      detected. Cathinones and other new psychoactive substances (NPS) could be 
      detected using additional analytical methods. Among cases with both immunoassay 
      (IA) and confirmation with mass spectrometry (MS), the results were consistent 
      for methadone (100%) and cocaine (95.5%) and less consistent for amphetamines 
      (81.8%). In cases with a positive IA for amphetamines (n = 54), MS confirmed the 
      presence of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA), amphetamine, 
      methamphetamine, and NPS in 37, 20, 10, and 6 cases, respectively, also revealing 
      use of more than 1 substance in some cases. MS yielded positive results in 21 
      cases with a negative IA for amphetamines, including amphetamine, MDMA, 
      methamphetamine, and NPS, in 14, 7, 2, and 2 cases, respectively.In conclusion, 
      the highest agreement was found between self-reports and analytical findings for 
      heroin and cocaine. The diagnosis of NPS use was mainly based on self-report. The 
      IAs accurately identified methadone and cocaine, and MS had advantages for the 
      detection of NPS and amphetamine derivatives.
FAU - Liakoni, Evangelia
AU  - Liakoni E
AD  - Division of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Basel University Hospital and 
      University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, 
      Department of General Internal Medicine, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, 
      University of Bern, Bern Clinical Toxicology Unit, Emergency Department, Hospital 
      Universitari Son Espases, Research Institute of Health Sciences (IdISBa), Palma 
      de Mallorca, Spain Clinical Toxicology, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust 
      and King's Health Partners Clinical Toxicology, Faculty of Life Sciences and 
      Medicine, King's College London, London, UK The Norwegian CBRNe Centre of 
      Medicine, Department of Acute Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway 
      Department of Clinical Toxicology, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technical University 
      of Munich, Munich, Germany.
FAU - Yates, Christopher
AU  - Yates C
FAU - Dines, Alison M
AU  - Dines AM
FAU - Dargan, Paul I
AU  - Dargan PI
FAU - Heyerdahl, Fridtjof
AU  - Heyerdahl F
FAU - Hovda, Knut Erik
AU  - Hovda KE
FAU - Wood, David M
AU  - Wood DM
FAU - Eyer, Florian
AU  - Eyer F
FAU - Liechti, Matthias E
AU  - Liechti ME
CN  - Euro-DEN Plus Research Group
LA  - eng
PT  - Comparative Study
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Multicenter Study
PT  - Observational Study
PL  - United States
TA  - Medicine (Baltimore)
JT  - Medicine
JID - 2985248R
RN  - 0 (Illicit Drugs)
SB  - IM
MH  - Acute Disease
MH  - Emergency Service, Hospital
MH  - Europe
MH  - Humans
MH  - Illicit Drugs/*poisoning
MH  - Immunoassay
MH  - Mass Spectrometry
MH  - Reproducibility of Results
MH  - Retrospective Studies
MH  - Self Report
MH  - Substance-Related Disorders/*complications/*diagnosis/psychology
PMC - PMC5805445
COIS- The authors have no conflicts of interest to disclose.
EDAT- 2018/02/01 06:00
MHDA- 2018/02/10 06:00
PMCR- 2018/02/02
CRDT- 2018/02/01 06:00
PHST- 2018/02/01 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2018/02/01 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2018/02/10 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2018/02/02 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 00005792-201802020-00035 [pii]
AID - MD-D-17-03877 [pii]
AID - 10.1097/MD.0000000000009784 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Medicine (Baltimore). 2018 Feb;97(5):e9784. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000009784.