PMID- 29397284 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20191126 LR - 20191126 IS - 1557-3117 (Electronic) IS - 1053-2498 (Linking) VI - 37 IP - 7 DP - 2018 Jul TI - Preservation of conductive propagation after surgical repair of cardiac defects with a bio-engineered conductive patch. PG - 912-924 LID - S1053-2498(17)32188-5 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.healun.2017.12.011 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Both stable and biodegradable biomaterials have been used to surgically repair congenital cardiac defects. However, neither type of biomaterial can conduct electrical activity. We evaluated the conductivity and efficacy of a newly synthesized conductive polypyrrole-chitosan (Ppy+Chi) gelfoam patch to support cardiomyocyte (CM) viability and function in vitro and to surgically repair a cardiac defect in vivo. METHODS: Ppy+Chi was incorporated into gelfoam (Gel) to form a 3-dimensional conductive patch. In vitro, patch characteristics were evaluated and biocompatibility and bioconductivity were investigated by culturing neonatal rat CMs on the patches. In vivo, a full-thickness right ventricular outflow tract defect was created in rats and the patches were implanted. Four weeks after patch repair, cardiac electrical activation and conduction velocity were evaluated using an optical mapping system. RESULTS: In vitro, the Ppy+Chi+Gel patch had a higher mean breaking stress than the Gel or Chi+Gel patches, and the highest conductivity. None of the patches altered cell growth. The Ca(2+) transient velocity of CMs cultured on the Ppy+Chi+Gel patch was 2.5-fold higher than that of CMs cultured on the Gel or Chi+Gel patches. In vivo, optical mapping at 4 weeks post-implantation demonstrated that Ppy+Chi+Gel patch-implanted hearts had faster conduction velocities, as measured on the epicardial surface. Continuous electrocardiographic telemetry did not reveal any pathologic arrhythmias after patch implantation. Ex-vivo patch conductivity testing also revealed that the Ppy+Chi+Gel patch was more conductive than the Gel and Chi+Gel patches. CONCLUSIONS: The Ppy+Chi+Gel patch was biocompatible, safe and conductive, making it an attractive candidate for a new biomaterial platform for cardiac surgical repair to preserve synchronous ventricular contraction. CI - Copyright (c) 2018 International Society for the Heart and Lung Transplantation. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. FAU - He, Sheng AU - He S AD - Department of Radiology, The First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China; Division of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Toronto General Research Institute, Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. FAU - Song, Huifang AU - Song H AD - Department of Radiology, The First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China; Division of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Toronto General Research Institute, Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. FAU - Wu, Jun AU - Wu J AD - Division of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Toronto General Research Institute, Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. FAU - Li, Shu-Hong AU - Li SH AD - Division of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Toronto General Research Institute, Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. FAU - Weisel, Richard D AU - Weisel RD AD - Division of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Toronto General Research Institute, Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. FAU - Sung, Hsing-Wen AU - Sung HW AD - Department of Chemical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan. FAU - Li, Jianding AU - Li J AD - Department of Radiology, The First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China. Electronic address: cjr.lijianding@vip.163.com. FAU - Li, Ren-Ke AU - Li RK AD - Division of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Toronto General Research Institute, Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Electronic address: renkeli@uhnresearch.ca. LA - eng GR - 332652/CIHR/Canada PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20171220 PL - United States TA - J Heart Lung Transplant JT - The Journal of heart and lung transplantation : the official publication of the International Society for Heart Transplantation JID - 9102703 RN - 0 (Biocompatible Materials) RN - 0 (Gels) RN - 0 (Polymers) RN - 0 (Pyrroles) RN - 30604-81-0 (polypyrrole) RN - 9012-76-4 (Chitosan) SB - IM MH - Animals MH - *Biocompatible Materials MH - Bioengineering MH - Cardiac Surgical Procedures/methods MH - Cells, Cultured MH - Chitosan MH - *Electric Conductivity MH - Gels MH - Heart Defects, Congenital/*surgery MH - Myocytes, Cardiac/*physiology MH - Polymers MH - Pyrroles MH - Rats OTO - NOTNLM OT - biomaterial OT - conductive material OT - congenital heart disease OT - surgical repair OT - tissue engineering EDAT- 2018/02/06 06:00 MHDA- 2019/11/27 06:00 CRDT- 2018/02/05 06:00 PHST- 2017/06/29 00:00 [received] PHST- 2017/12/11 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2017/12/17 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2018/02/06 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2019/11/27 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2018/02/05 06:00 [entrez] AID - S1053-2498(17)32188-5 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.healun.2017.12.011 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Heart Lung Transplant. 2018 Jul;37(7):912-924. doi: 10.1016/j.healun.2017.12.011. Epub 2017 Dec 20.