PMID- 29404438
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
LR  - 20200929
IS  - 2471-254X (Electronic)
IS  - 2471-254X (Linking)
VI  - 1
IP  - 10
DP  - 2017 Dec
TI  - A global perspective on hepatitis B-related single nucleotide polymorphisms and 
      evolution during human migration.
PG  - 1005-1013
LID - 10.1002/hep4.1113 [doi]
AB  - Genome-wide association studies have indicated that human leukocyte antigen 
      (HLA)-DP and HLA-DQ play roles in persistent hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection in 
      Asia. To understand the evolution of HBV-related single nucleotide polymorphisms 
      (SNPs) and to correlate these SNPs with chronic HBV infection among different 
      populations, we conducted a global perspective study on hepatitis-related SNPs. 
      We selected 12 HBV-related SNPs on the HLA locus and two HBV and three hepatitis 
      C virus immune-related SNPs for analysis. Five nasopharyngeal carcinoma-related 
      SNPs served as controls. All SNP data worldwide from 26 populations were 
      downloaded from 1,000 genomes. We found a dramatic difference in the allele 
      frequency in most of the HBV- and HLA-related SNPs in East Asia compared to the 
      other continents. A sharp change in allele frequency in 8 of 12 SNPs was found 
      between Bengali populations in Bangladesh and Chinese Dai populations in 
      Xishuangbanna, China (P < 0.001); these areas represent the junction of South and 
      East Asia. For the immune-related SNPs, significant changes were found after 
      leaving Africa. Most of these genes shifted from higher expression genotypes in 
      Africa to lower expression genotypes in either Europe or South Asia (P < 0.001). 
      During this two-stage adaptation, immunity adjusted toward a weak immune 
      response, which could have been a survival strategy during human migration to 
      East Asia. The prevalence of chronic HBV infection in Africa is as high as in 
      Asia; however, the HBV-related SNP genotypes are not present in Africa, and so 
      the genetic mechanism of chronic HBV infection in Africa needs further 
      exploration. Conclusion: Two stages of genetic changes toward a weak immune 
      response occurred when humans migrated out of Africa. These changes could be a 
      survival strategy for avoiding cytokine storms and surviving in new environments. 
      (Hepatology Communications 2017;1:1005-1013).
FAU - Tai, Dar-In
AU  - Tai DI
AD  - Division of Hepatology, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Chang Gung 
      Memorial Hospital Linkou Medical Center Taoyuan City Taiwan.
FAU - Jeng, Wen-Juei
AU  - Jeng WJ
AD  - Division of Hepatology, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Chang Gung 
      Memorial Hospital Linkou Medical Center Taoyuan City Taiwan.
FAU - Lin, Chun-Yen
AU  - Lin CY
AD  - Division of Hepatology, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Chang Gung 
      Memorial Hospital Linkou Medical Center Taoyuan City Taiwan.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20171106
PL  - United States
TA  - Hepatol Commun
JT  - Hepatology communications
JID - 101695860
PMC - PMC5721408
EDAT- 2018/02/07 06:00
MHDA- 2018/02/07 06:01
PMCR- 2017/11/06
CRDT- 2018/02/07 06:00
PHST- 2017/02/26 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2017/07/25 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2017/09/27 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2018/02/07 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2018/02/07 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2018/02/07 06:01 [medline]
PHST- 2017/11/06 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - HEP41113 [pii]
AID - 10.1002/hep4.1113 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Hepatol Commun. 2017 Nov 6;1(10):1005-1013. doi: 10.1002/hep4.1113. eCollection 
      2017 Dec.