PMID- 29412119
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20190329
LR  - 20190329
IS  - 2212-4063 (Electronic)
IS  - 1871-529X (Linking)
VI  - 18
IP  - 2
DP  - 2018
TI  - Sodium-glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibitors and Ischemic Stroke.
PG  - 134-138
LID - 10.2174/1871529X18666180206120444 [doi]
AB  - BACKGROUND: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is associated with substantially 
      increased risk for cardiovascular events, including ischemic stroke. In turn, 
      ischemic stroke represents a leading cause of mortality and long-term disability 
      worldwide. The recent class of glucose-lowering agents is sodium-glucose 
      cotransporter 2 (SGLT-2) inhibitors, which act through inhibition of glucose 
      reabsorption in the kidney, resulting in glucose excretion without stimulating 
      insulin release. Accumulating data suggests that these agents improve multiple 
      risk factors for ischemic stroke except their glucose-lowering effect. OBJECTIVE: 
      In the present review, the pleiotropic actions of SGLT-2 inhibitors are 
      summarized and their potential implications on ischemic stroke prevention are 
      discussed. METHODS: We performed a comprehensive search of the literature in 
      terms of SGLT-2 inhibitors efficacy on ischemic stroke and traditional risk 
      factors of cerebrovascular disease. RESULTS: Several studies consistently showed 
      that SGLT-2 inhibitors reduce blood pressure, induce weight loss, increase 
      high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels and reduce triglyceride levels. In 
      addition, they improve several emerging cardiovascular risk factors, most notably 
      arterial stiffness, albuminuria and oxidative stress. However, in the only trial 
      that evaluated the effects of these agents on the incidence of ischemic stroke, 
      empagliflozin did not reduce the risk of first or recurrent stroke despite a 
      significant reduction in cardiovascular and all-cause mortality. CONCLUSION: 
      Despite the multiple pleiotropic effects of SGLT-2 inhibitors, these agents do 
      not appear to affect stroke risk. Ongoing large trials with longer follow-up will 
      evaluate whether the pleiotropic effects of this class will translate into 
      benefits in ischemic stroke prevention.
CI  - Copyright(c) Bentham Science Publishers; For any queries, please email at 
      epub@benthamscience.org.
FAU - Milonas, Dimitrios
AU  - Milonas D
AD  - First Propedeutic Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School, Aristotle 
      University of Thessaloniki, AHEPA Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece.
FAU - Tziomalos, Konstantinos
AU  - Tziomalos K
AD  - First Propedeutic Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School, Aristotle 
      University of Thessaloniki, AHEPA Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Review
PL  - United Arab Emirates
TA  - Cardiovasc Hematol Disord Drug Targets
JT  - Cardiovascular & hematological disorders drug targets
JID - 101269160
RN  - 0 (Sodium-Glucose Transporter 2 Inhibitors)
SB  - IM
MH  - Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/*drug therapy
MH  - Humans
MH  - Sodium-Glucose Transporter 2 Inhibitors/pharmacology/*therapeutic use
MH  - Stroke/*prevention & control
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors
OT  - dyslipidemia
OT  - hypertension
OT  - ischemic stroke
OT  - obesity
OT  - type 2 diabetes mellitus.
EDAT- 2018/02/08 06:00
MHDA- 2019/03/30 06:00
CRDT- 2018/02/08 06:00
PHST- 2017/02/02 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2017/09/09 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2017/11/11 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2018/02/08 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2019/03/30 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2018/02/08 06:00 [entrez]
AID - CHDDT-EPUB-88357 [pii]
AID - 10.2174/1871529X18666180206120444 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Cardiovasc Hematol Disord Drug Targets. 2018;18(2):134-138. doi: 
      10.2174/1871529X18666180206120444.