PMID- 29425299
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20181015
LR  - 20181015
IS  - 1945-2403 (Electronic)
IS  - 0146-4760 (Linking)
VI  - 42
IP  - 5
DP  - 2018 Jun 1
TI  - Stability of Ethyl Glucuronide, Ethyl Sulfate, Phosphatidylethanols and Fatty 
      Acid Ethyl Esters in Postmortem Human Blood.
PG  - 346-352
LID - 10.1093/jat/bky010 [doi]
AB  - The lack of systematic studies on the stability of ethanol's non-oxidative 
      metabolites in postmortem specimens restricts their use in forensic cases. This 
      study aimed to compare the stability of ethyl glucuronide (EtG), ethyl sulfate 
      (EtS), phosphatidylethanols (PEths) and fatty acid ethyl esters (FAEEs) in 
      postmortem human blood. Three groups were established based on the level and 
      source of ethanol: the blank group, the ethanol-spiked group and the 
      ethanol-positive group. Each group contained six blood samples from different 
      corpses. The samples in each group were placed at 37, 25, 4 and -20 degrees C. Every 24 h 
      for 7 days, 50 muL was collected from each sample. The levels of EtG, EtS, PEths 
      and FAEEs were determined by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry, and their 
      stability was evaluated. EtG was not detected in the blank group, but it was 
      found in samples in the ethanol-spiked group placed at 37 degrees C, and it was degraded 
      in the ethanol-positive group at 37 and 25 degrees C. EtS showed no change in any of the 
      groups. PEths were not detected in the blank group, but formation was found in 
      the ethanol-spiked group at all temperatures. In the ethanol-positive group, PEth 
      levels fluctuated at 37 degrees C, decreased at 25 degrees C and increased at -20 degrees C. FAEEs were 
      generated in the blank group and in the ethanol-spiked group at all temperatures. 
      In the ethanol-positive group, FAEEs were degraded at 37 and 25 degrees C but were 
      generated at 4 and -20 degrees C. EtS is a reliable biomarker of ethanol consumption, and 
      EtG could be used as a biomarker at low temperatures (4 and -20 degrees C), but PEths and 
      FAEEs are not appropriate biomarkers of ethanol consumption.
FAU - Liu, Yuming
AU  - Liu Y
AD  - Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 180 Fenglin Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai 
      200032, PR China.
FAU - Zhang, Xinyu
AU  - Zhang X
AD  - Department of Forensic Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan 
      University, Shanghai 200032, PR China.
AD  - Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 
      Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, PR China.
FAU - Li, Jiaolun
AU  - Li J
AD  - Department of Forensic Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan 
      University, Shanghai 200032, PR China.
FAU - Huang, Zhibin
AU  - Huang Z
AD  - Department of Forensic Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan 
      University, Shanghai 200032, PR China.
FAU - Lin, Zebin
AU  - Lin Z
AD  - Department of Forensic Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan 
      University, Shanghai 200032, PR China.
FAU - Wang, Jingru
AU  - Wang J
AD  - Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai 
      200011, PR China.
FAU - Zhang, Chengqiang
AU  - Zhang C
AD  - Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai 
      200011, PR China.
FAU - Rao, Yulan
AU  - Rao Y
AD  - Department of Forensic Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan 
      University, Shanghai 200032, PR China.
LA  - eng
PT  - Comparative Study
PT  - Journal Article
PL  - England
TA  - J Anal Toxicol
JT  - Journal of analytical toxicology
JID - 7705085
RN  - 0 (Biomarkers)
RN  - 0 (Fatty Acids)
RN  - 0 (Glucuronates)
RN  - 0 (Glycerophospholipids)
RN  - 0 (Solvents)
RN  - 0 (Sulfuric Acid Esters)
RN  - 0 (phosphatidylethanol)
RN  - 17685-04-0 (ethyl glucuronide)
RN  - 3K9958V90M (Ethanol)
RN  - K0FO4VFA7I (diethyl sulfate)
SB  - IM
MH  - Accidents, Traffic/mortality
MH  - Alcohol Drinking/*blood
MH  - Biomarkers/blood
MH  - Cadaver
MH  - China
MH  - Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid
MH  - Cold Temperature
MH  - Ethanol/chemistry
MH  - Fatty Acids/*blood/chemistry
MH  - Forensic Toxicology/*methods
MH  - Glucuronates/*blood/chemistry
MH  - Glycerophospholipids/*blood/chemistry
MH  - Hot Temperature
MH  - Humans
MH  - Limit of Detection
MH  - Reproducibility of Results
MH  - Solvents/chemistry
MH  - Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization
MH  - Substance Abuse Detection/*methods
MH  - Sulfuric Acid Esters/*blood/chemistry
EDAT- 2018/02/10 06:00
MHDA- 2018/10/16 06:00
CRDT- 2018/02/10 06:00
PHST- 2017/10/08 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2018/02/10 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2018/10/16 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2018/02/10 06:00 [entrez]
AID - 4841962 [pii]
AID - 10.1093/jat/bky010 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - J Anal Toxicol. 2018 Jun 1;42(5):346-352. doi: 10.1093/jat/bky010.