PMID- 29431534
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20181004
LR  - 20181004
IS  - 1543-2742 (Electronic)
IS  - 1526-484X (Linking)
VI  - 28
IP  - 5
DP  - 2018 Sep 1
TI  - Organization of Dietary Control for Nutrition-Training Intervention Involving 
      Periodized Carbohydrate Availability and Ketogenic Low-Carbohydrate High-Fat 
      Diet.
PG  - 480-489
LID - 10.1123/ijsnem.2017-0249 [doi]
AB  - The authors describe the implementation of a 3-week dietary intervention in elite 
      race walkers at the Australian Institute of Sport, with a focus on the resources 
      and strategies needed to accomplish a complex study of this scale. Interventions 
      involved: traditional guidelines of high carbohydrate (CHO) availability for all 
      training sessions; a periodized CHO diet which integrated sessions with low and 
      high CHO availability within the same total CHO intake; and a ketogenic low-CHO 
      high-fat diet. Seven-day menus and recipes were constructed for a communal eating 
      setting to meet nutritional goals as well as individualized food preferences and 
      special needs. Menus also included nutrition support before, during, and after 
      exercise. Daily monitoring, via observation and food checklists, showed that 
      energy and macronutrient targets were achieved. Diets were matched for energy 
      ( approximately 14.8 MJ/d) and protein ( approximately 2.1 g.kg(-1).day(-1)) and achieved desired differences 
      for fat and CHO, with high CHO availability and periodized CHO availability: 
      CHO = 8.5 g.kg(-1).day(-1), 60% energy, fat = 20% of energy and low-CHO high-fat 
      diet: 0.5 g.kg(-1).day(-1) CHO, fat = 78% energy.  There were no differences in 
      micronutrient intake or density between the high CHO availability and periodized 
      CHO availability diets; however, the micronutrient density of the low-CHO 
      high-fat diet was significantly lower. Daily food costs per athlete were similar 
      for each diet ( approximately AU$ 27 +/- 10). Successful implementation and monitoring of dietary 
      interventions in sports nutrition research of the scale of the present study 
      require meticulous planning and the expertise of chefs and sports dietitians. 
      Different approaches to sports nutrition support raise practical challenges 
      around cost, micronutrient density, accommodation of special needs, and 
      sustainability.
FAU - Mirtschin, Joanne G
AU  - Mirtschin JG
AD  - 1 Australian Institute of Sport.
FAU - Forbes, Sara F
AU  - Forbes SF
AD  - 1 Australian Institute of Sport.
FAU - Cato, Louise E
AU  - Cato LE
AD  - 1 Australian Institute of Sport.
FAU - Heikura, Ida A
AU  - Heikura IA
AD  - 1 Australian Institute of Sport.
AD  - 2 Australian Catholic University.
FAU - Strobel, Nicki
AU  - Strobel N
AD  - 3 University College Zealand.
FAU - Hall, Rebecca
AU  - Hall R
AD  - 1 Australian Institute of Sport.
FAU - Burke, Louise M
AU  - Burke LM
AD  - 1 Australian Institute of Sport.
AD  - 2 Australian Catholic University.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20180723
PL  - United States
TA  - Int J Sport Nutr Exerc Metab
JT  - International journal of sport nutrition and exercise metabolism
JID - 100939812
RN  - 0 (Dietary Carbohydrates)
RN  - 0 (Micronutrients)
SB  - IM
MH  - Athletes
MH  - *Diet, Ketogenic
MH  - Dietary Carbohydrates/administration & dosage
MH  - Energy Intake
MH  - Exercise
MH  - Humans
MH  - Menu Planning
MH  - Micronutrients/administration & dosage
MH  - Sports
MH  - *Sports Nutritional Physiological Phenomena
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - LCHF diet
OT  - dietary standardization
OT  - research methodology
EDAT- 2018/02/13 06:00
MHDA- 2018/10/05 06:00
CRDT- 2018/02/13 06:00
PHST- 2018/02/13 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2018/10/05 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2018/02/13 06:00 [entrez]
AID - 10.1123/ijsnem.2017-0249 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Int J Sport Nutr Exerc Metab. 2018 Sep 1;28(5):480-489. doi: 
      10.1123/ijsnem.2017-0249. Epub 2018 Jul 23.