PMID- 29471285 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20190429 LR - 20190429 IS - 1096-0023 (Electronic) IS - 1043-4666 (Linking) VI - 105 DP - 2018 May TI - Effects of docosahexanoic acid supplementation on inflammatory and subcutaneous adipose tissue gene expression in HIV-infected patients on combination antiretroviral therapy (cART). A sub-study of a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. PG - 73-79 LID - S1043-4666(18)30048-6 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.cyto.2018.02.008 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Omega-3 fatty acids have the potential to decrease inflammation and modify gene transcription. Whether docosahexanoic acid (DHA) supplementation can modify systemic inflammatory and subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) gene expression in HIV-infected patients is unknown. METHODS: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial that enrolled 84 antiretroviral-treated patients who had fasting TG levels from 2.26 to 5.65 mmol/l and received DHA or placebo for 48 weeks was performed (ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT02005900). Systemic inflammatory and SAT gene expression was assessed at baseline and at week 48 in 39 patients. RESULTS: Patients receiving DHA had a 43.9% median decline in fasting TG levels at week 4 (IQR: -31% to -56%), compared with -2.9% (-18.6% to 16.5%) in the placebo group (P < 0.0001). High sensitivity C reactive protein (hsCRP) and arachidonic acid levels significantly decreased in the DHA group. Adipogenesis-related and mitochondrial-related gene expression did not experience significant changes. Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) significantly decreased in the placebo group. SAT inflammation-related gene expression (Tumor necrosis factor alpha [TNF-alpha], and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 [MCP-1]) significantly decreased in the DHA group. CONCLUSIONS: DHA supplementation down-regulated inflammatory gene expression in SAT. DHA impact on markers of systemic inflammation was restricted to hsCRP and arachidonic acid. CI - Copyright (c) 2018. Published by Elsevier Ltd. FAU - Domingo, Pere AU - Domingo P AD - Infectious Diseases Department, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Institut de Recerca del Hospital de Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain. Electronic address: pdomingo@santpau.cat. FAU - Gallego-Escuredo, Jose Miguel AU - Gallego-Escuredo JM AD - Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biomedicine (IBUB), University of Barcelona and CIBER Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y Nutricion, Barcelona, Spain. FAU - Fernandez, Irene AU - Fernandez I AD - Infectious Diseases Department, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Institut de Recerca del Hospital de Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain. FAU - Villarroya, Joan AU - Villarroya J AD - Infectious Diseases Department, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Institut de Recerca del Hospital de Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain. FAU - Torres, Ferran AU - Torres F AD - Biostatistics and Data Management Core Facility, IDIBAPS, Hospital Clinic, Barcelona, Spain; Biostatistics Unit, School of Medicine, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain. FAU - Del Mar Gutierrez, Maria AU - Del Mar Gutierrez M AD - Infectious Diseases Department, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Institut de Recerca del Hospital de Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain. FAU - Mateo, Maria Gracia AU - Mateo MG AD - Infectious Diseases Department, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Institut de Recerca del Hospital de Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain. FAU - Villarroya, Francesc AU - Villarroya F AD - Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biomedicine (IBUB), University of Barcelona and CIBER Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y Nutricion, Barcelona, Spain. FAU - Vidal, Francesc AU - Vidal F AD - Infectious Diseases Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitari Joan XXIII, IISPV, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Tarragona, Spain. FAU - Giralt, Marta AU - Giralt M AD - Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biomedicine (IBUB), University of Barcelona and CIBER Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y Nutricion, Barcelona, Spain. FAU - Domingo, Joan Carles AU - Domingo JC AD - Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biomedicine (IBUB), University of Barcelona and CIBER Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y Nutricion, Barcelona, Spain. LA - eng SI - ClinicalTrials.gov/NCT02005900 PT - Journal Article PT - Randomized Controlled Trial PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20180220 PL - England TA - Cytokine JT - Cytokine JID - 9005353 RN - 0 (Biomarkers) RN - 0 (Blood Glucose) RN - 0 (DNA, Mitochondrial) RN - 0 (Inflammation Mediators) RN - 0 (Lipids) RN - 0 (Placebos) RN - 25167-62-8 (Docosahexaenoic Acids) RN - 27YG812J1I (Arachidonic Acid) SB - IM MH - Adipocytes/metabolism MH - Adult MH - *Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active MH - Arachidonic Acid/metabolism MH - Biomarkers/metabolism MH - Blood Glucose/metabolism MH - Cell Differentiation/genetics MH - DNA, Mitochondrial/genetics MH - *Dietary Supplements MH - Docosahexaenoic Acids/pharmacology/*therapeutic use MH - Double-Blind Method MH - Drug Therapy, Combination MH - Female MH - *Gene Expression Regulation/drug effects MH - HIV Infections/blood/*drug therapy/*genetics MH - Homeostasis MH - Humans MH - Inflammation/blood/*genetics MH - Inflammation Mediators/metabolism MH - Lipids/blood MH - Male MH - Middle Aged MH - Placebos MH - Subcutaneous Fat/drug effects/*metabolism OTO - NOTNLM OT - Docosahexanoic acid OT - IL-6 OT - IL-8 OT - MCP-1 OT - PPAR-gamma OT - Subcutaneous adipose tissue OT - TNF-alpha OT - Triglycerides EDAT- 2018/02/23 06:00 MHDA- 2019/04/30 06:00 CRDT- 2018/02/23 06:00 PHST- 2017/09/04 00:00 [received] PHST- 2018/02/01 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2018/02/03 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2018/02/23 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2019/04/30 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2018/02/23 06:00 [entrez] AID - S1043-4666(18)30048-6 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.cyto.2018.02.008 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Cytokine. 2018 May;105:73-79. doi: 10.1016/j.cyto.2018.02.008. Epub 2018 Feb 20.