PMID- 29494835
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20180625
LR  - 20190115
IS  - 1090-2414 (Electronic)
IS  - 0147-6513 (Linking)
VI  - 155
DP  - 2018 Jul 15
TI  - Residue determination of triclopyr and aminopyralid in pastures and soil by gas 
      chromatography-electron capture detector: Dissipation pattern under open field 
      conditions.
PG  - 17-25
LID - S0147-6513(18)30121-0 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2018.02.035 [doi]
AB  - In this study, a new method for the simultaneous quantitative determination of 
      triclopyr and aminopyralid in forage grass, hay, and soil was developed and 
      validated using gas chromatography coupled with electron capture detector 
      (GC-ECD). In this method, a simple and maneuverable esterification reaction was 
      applied to convert the two acidic herbicides into their ester form with methanol. 
      The target compounds were extracted with 1% hydrochloric acid-acetonitrile, 
      esterified, purified by florisil solid-phase extraction cartridge, and detected 
      in a single run by the GC-ECD. The average recoveries using this method, at 
      different fortified levels, ranged from 80% to 104% with intra-day and inter-day 
      RSDs in the range of 1.2-10.8% and 3.3-10.3% for both the herbicides, 
      respectively. The LODs were below 0.02 mg/kg while the LOQs were below 
      0.05 mg/kg, both of which were much lower than the maximum residue limits (MRLs) 
      of 25-700 mg/kg in pastures, as established by the USA (the code of federal 
      regulations). The open field dissipation and residual analysis in pastures and 
      soil were conducted with the commercial formulation at two locations. With time, 
      both triclopyr and aminopyralid dissipated via first-order kinetics. In forage 
      grass, both compounds degraded rapidly over the first 14- or 21-d period and at a 
      slow rate over the remainder of experimental days. In soil, they degraded at a 
      relatively slow rate, and dissipated steadily to below or close to the LOQ by 
      60-d post application. The half-lives of triclopyr were 1.4-1.8 d and 6.2-9.0 d 
      and aminopyralid were 1.7-2.1 d and 8.2-10.6 d in terms of forage grass and soil, 
      respectively. The terminal residue results indicated that on 7 d after the 
      treatment, the residues of aminopyralid and triclopyr in forage grass and hay 
      were lower than the MRLs set by the USA. This work can provide guidance on the 
      reasonable use of these herbicides and also provide an analytical method for the 
      determination of triclopyr and aminopyralid in pasture and soil.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2018 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
FAU - Li, Wenxi
AU  - Li W
AD  - Institute of Agricultural Environment and Resource, Yunnan Academy of 
      Agricultural Science, Beijing Road No. 2238, Panlong District, Yunnan 650205, 
      China.
FAU - Mao, Jia
AU  - Mao J
AD  - Institute of Agricultural Environment and Resource, Yunnan Academy of 
      Agricultural Science, Beijing Road No. 2238, Panlong District, Yunnan 650205, 
      China.
FAU - Dai, Xuefang
AU  - Dai X
AD  - Institute of Agricultural Environment and Resource, Yunnan Academy of 
      Agricultural Science, Beijing Road No. 2238, Panlong District, Yunnan 650205, 
      China.
FAU - Zhao, Xin
AU  - Zhao X
AD  - College of Resource and Environment, Yunnan Agricultural University, Fengyuan 
      Road No. 452, Panlong District, Yunnan 650201, China.
FAU - Qiao, Chengkui
AU  - Qiao C
AD  - Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 
      Weilai South Road, Huizu District, Zhengzhou 450009, China.
FAU - Zhang, Xueyan
AU  - Zhang X
AD  - Institute of Agricultural Environment and Resource, Yunnan Academy of 
      Agricultural Science, Beijing Road No. 2238, Panlong District, Yunnan 650205, 
      China.
FAU - Pu, Entang
AU  - Pu E
AD  - Institute of Agricultural Environment and Resource, Yunnan Academy of 
      Agricultural Science, Beijing Road No. 2238, Panlong District, Yunnan 650205, 
      China. Electronic address: entangp@163.com.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20180227
PL  - Netherlands
TA  - Ecotoxicol Environ Saf
JT  - Ecotoxicology and environmental safety
JID - 7805381
RN  - 0 (Carboxylic Acids)
RN  - 0 (Glycolates)
RN  - 0 (Herbicides)
RN  - 0 (Pesticide Residues)
RN  - 0 (Pyridines)
RN  - 0 (Soil)
RN  - 0 (Soil Pollutants)
RN  - 9S4EMJ60LF (aminopyralid)
RN  - MV06PHJ6I0 (triclopyr)
SB  - IM
MH  - Carboxylic Acids/*analysis/isolation & purification
MH  - Chromatography, Gas/*methods
MH  - Electrons
MH  - Glycolates/*analysis/isolation & purification
MH  - Herbicides/*analysis/isolation & purification
MH  - Pesticide Residues/analysis/isolation & purification
MH  - Pyridines/*analysis/isolation & purification
MH  - Soil/chemistry
MH  - Soil Pollutants/*analysis/isolation & purification
MH  - Solid Phase Extraction
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Aminopyralid
OT  - Dissipation
OT  - Pasture
OT  - Soil
OT  - Triclopyr
EDAT- 2018/03/02 06:00
MHDA- 2018/06/26 06:00
CRDT- 2018/03/02 06:00
PHST- 2017/12/03 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2018/02/10 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2018/02/12 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2018/03/02 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2018/06/26 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2018/03/02 06:00 [entrez]
AID - S0147-6513(18)30121-0 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2018.02.035 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 2018 Jul 15;155:17-25. doi: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2018.02.035. 
      Epub 2018 Feb 27.