PMID- 29495557 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20190206 LR - 20190215 IS - 2072-6651 (Electronic) IS - 2072-6651 (Linking) VI - 10 IP - 3 DP - 2018 Feb 28 TI - Estrogen Receptor alpha Is Crucial in Zearalenone-Induced Invasion and Migration of Prostate Cancer Cells. LID - 10.3390/toxins10030098 [doi] LID - 98 AB - Zearalenone (ZEA), a mycotoxin produced in the genus Fusarium, binds to estrogen receptors (ER) and is therefore regarded as an endocrine disruptor. ZEA has also been found to modulate the proliferation and apoptosis of prostate cancer cells in a dose-dependent manner. This study evaluates whether the effect of a low dose of ZEA (0.1 and 0.001 nM) on the invasion and migration of prostate cancer cell line PC3 is associated with ERs expression. The invasion and migration was evaluated by modified Boyden chamber assay, scratch assay, gelatin zymography, Real Time qPCR (RTqPCR) and Western blot. The involvement of ERs was evaluated with the selective ER antagonists: estrogen receptor alpha (ERalpha) antagonist 1,3-bis (4-hydroxyphenyl)-4-methyl-5-[4-(2-piperidinylethoxy) phenol]-1H-pyrazole dihydrochloride (MPP) and estrogen receptor beta (ERbeta) antagonist 4-[2-phenyl-5,7-bis (trifluoromethyl) pyrazolo [1,5-a]-pyrimidin-3-yl] phenol (PHTPP). ZEA was found to modulate cell motility dependent on estrogen receptors, particularly ERalpha. Increased cell migration and invasion were associated with increased MMP-2 and MMP-9 activity as well as the up-regulation of the EMT-associated genes vimentin (VIM), zinc finger E-box-binding homeobox 1/2 (ZEB1/2) and transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGFbeta1). In conclusion, ZEA might modulate the invasiveness of prostate cancer cells dependently on ERalpha expression. FAU - Kowalska, Karolina AU - Kowalska K AD - Laboratory of Cell Cultures and Genomic Analysis, Department of Comparative Endocrinology, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences and Postgraduate Education, Medical University of Lodz, Zeligowskiego 7/9, 90-752 Lodz, Poland. klakus@op.pl. AD - Department of Comparative Endocrinology, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences and Postgraduate Education, Medical University of Lodz, Zeligowskiego 7/9, 90-752, Lodz, Poland. klakus@op.pl. FAU - Habrowska-Gorczynska, Dominika Ewa AU - Habrowska-Gorczynska DE AD - Laboratory of Cell Cultures and Genomic Analysis, Department of Comparative Endocrinology, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences and Postgraduate Education, Medical University of Lodz, Zeligowskiego 7/9, 90-752 Lodz, Poland. dominika.habrowska@umed.lodz.pl. AD - Department of Comparative Endocrinology, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences and Postgraduate Education, Medical University of Lodz, Zeligowskiego 7/9, 90-752, Lodz, Poland. dominika.habrowska@umed.lodz.pl. FAU - Urbanek, Kinga Anna AU - Urbanek KA AD - Laboratory of Cell Cultures and Genomic Analysis, Department of Comparative Endocrinology, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences and Postgraduate Education, Medical University of Lodz, Zeligowskiego 7/9, 90-752 Lodz, Poland. urbanek.kinga@gmail.com. AD - Department of Comparative Endocrinology, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences and Postgraduate Education, Medical University of Lodz, Zeligowskiego 7/9, 90-752, Lodz, Poland. urbanek.kinga@gmail.com. FAU - Dominska, Kamila AU - Dominska K AD - Department of Comparative Endocrinology, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences and Postgraduate Education, Medical University of Lodz, Zeligowskiego 7/9, 90-752, Lodz, Poland. kamila.dominska@umed.lodz.pl. FAU - Piastowska-Ciesielska, Agnieszka Wanda AU - Piastowska-Ciesielska AW AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7462-8528 AD - Laboratory of Cell Cultures and Genomic Analysis, Department of Comparative Endocrinology, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences and Postgraduate Education, Medical University of Lodz, Zeligowskiego 7/9, 90-752 Lodz, Poland. agnieszka.piastowska@umed.lodz.pl. AD - Department of Comparative Endocrinology, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences and Postgraduate Education, Medical University of Lodz, Zeligowskiego 7/9, 90-752, Lodz, Poland. agnieszka.piastowska@umed.lodz.pl. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20180228 PL - Switzerland TA - Toxins (Basel) JT - Toxins JID - 101530765 RN - 0 (Endocrine Disruptors) RN - 0 (Estrogen Receptor alpha) RN - 5W827M159J (Zearalenone) SB - IM MH - Cell Line, Tumor MH - Cell Movement/drug effects MH - Endocrine Disruptors/*pharmacology MH - Estrogen Receptor alpha/*metabolism MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Neoplasm Invasiveness MH - Prostatic Neoplasms/*metabolism/*pathology MH - Zearalenone/*pharmacology PMC - PMC5869386 OTO - NOTNLM OT - estrogen receptors OT - mycotoxins OT - zearalenone COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest. EDAT- 2018/03/03 06:00 MHDA- 2019/02/07 06:00 PMCR- 2018/03/01 CRDT- 2018/03/03 06:00 PHST- 2017/12/12 00:00 [received] PHST- 2018/01/28 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2018/02/22 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2018/03/03 06:00 [entrez] PHST- 2018/03/03 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2019/02/07 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2018/03/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - toxins10030098 [pii] AID - toxins-10-00098 [pii] AID - 10.3390/toxins10030098 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Toxins (Basel). 2018 Feb 28;10(3):98. doi: 10.3390/toxins10030098.