PMID- 29495637
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
DCOM- 20180306
LR  - 20181114
IS  - 1424-8220 (Electronic)
IS  - 1424-8220 (Linking)
VI  - 18
IP  - 3
DP  - 2018 Feb 28
TI  - Real-Time Spaceborne Synthetic Aperture Radar Float-Point Imaging System Using 
      Optimized Mapping Methodology and a Multi-Node Parallel Accelerating Technique.
LID - 10.3390/s18030725 [doi]
LID - 725
AB  - With the development of satellite load technology and very large-scale integrated 
      (VLSI) circuit technology, on-board real-time synthetic aperture radar (SAR) 
      imaging systems have facilitated rapid response to disasters. A key goal of the 
      on-board SAR imaging system design is to achieve high real-time processing 
      performance under severe size, weight, and power consumption constraints. This 
      paper presents a multi-node prototype system for real-time SAR imaging 
      processing. We decompose the commonly used chirp scaling (CS) SAR imaging 
      algorithm into two parts according to the computing features. The linearization 
      and logic-memory optimum allocation methods are adopted to realize the nonlinear 
      part in a reconfigurable structure, and the two-part bandwidth balance method is 
      used to realize the linear part. Thus, float-point SAR imaging processing can be 
      integrated into a single Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) chip instead of 
      relying on distributed technologies. A single-processing node requires 10.6 s and 
      consumes 17 W to focus on 25-km swath width, 5-m resolution stripmap SAR raw data 
      with a granularity of 16,384 x 16,384. The design methodology of the multi-FPGA 
      parallel accelerating system under the real-time principle is introduced. As a 
      proof of concept, a prototype with four processing nodes and one master node is 
      implemented using a Xilinx xc6vlx315t FPGA. The weight and volume of one single 
      machine are 10 kg and 32 cm x 24 cm x 20 cm, respectively, and the power 
      consumption is under 100 W. The real-time performance of the proposed design is 
      demonstrated on Chinese Gaofen-3 stripmap continuous imaging.
FAU - Li, Bingyi
AU  - Li B
AD  - Beijing Key Laboratory of Embedded Real-Time Information Processing Technology, 
      Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China. libingyi_bit@bit.edu.cn.
FAU - Shi, Hao
AU  - Shi H
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2013-6592
AD  - Beijing Key Laboratory of Embedded Real-Time Information Processing Technology, 
      Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China. shihao@tsinghua.edu.cn.
AD  - Department of Electronic Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China. 
      shihao@tsinghua.edu.cn.
FAU - Chen, Liang
AU  - Chen L
AD  - Beijing Key Laboratory of Embedded Real-Time Information Processing Technology, 
      Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China. chenl@bit.edu.cn.
FAU - Yu, Wenyue
AU  - Yu W
AD  - Beijing Key Laboratory of Embedded Real-Time Information Processing Technology, 
      Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China. yuwenyue@racobit.com.
FAU - Yang, Chen
AU  - Yang C
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0383-2705
AD  - Beijing Key Laboratory of Embedded Real-Time Information Processing Technology, 
      Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China. yangchen@bit.edu.cn.
FAU - Xie, Yizhuang
AU  - Xie Y
AD  - Beijing Key Laboratory of Embedded Real-Time Information Processing Technology, 
      Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China. xyz551_bit@bit.edu.cn.
FAU - Bian, Mingming
AU  - Bian M
AD  - Beijing Institute of Spacecraft System Engineering, Beijing 100094, China. 
      bianmingming2008@163.com.
FAU - Zhang, Qingjun
AU  - Zhang Q
AD  - Beijing Institute of Spacecraft System Engineering, Beijing 100094, China. 
      ztzhangqj@163.com.
FAU - Pang, Long
AU  - Pang L
AD  - School of Information Engineering, Communication University of China, Beijing 
      100024, China. panglong@cuc.edu.cn.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20180228
PL  - Switzerland
TA  - Sensors (Basel)
JT  - Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
JID - 101204366
PMC - PMC5876905
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - multi-nodes parallel accelerating technique
OT  - real-time processing
OT  - single FPGA node imaging processing
OT  - synthetic aperture radar (SAR)
COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest.
EDAT- 2018/03/03 06:00
MHDA- 2018/03/03 06:01
PMCR- 2018/03/01
CRDT- 2018/03/03 06:00
PHST- 2017/12/28 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2018/01/31 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2018/02/05 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2018/03/03 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2018/03/03 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2018/03/03 06:01 [medline]
PHST- 2018/03/01 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - s18030725 [pii]
AID - sensors-18-00725 [pii]
AID - 10.3390/s18030725 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Sensors (Basel). 2018 Feb 28;18(3):725. doi: 10.3390/s18030725.