PMID- 29501676 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20181001 LR - 20191210 IS - 1872-7573 (Electronic) IS - 0378-8741 (Linking) VI - 219 DP - 2018 Jun 12 TI - Validation of ethnopharmacology of ayurvedic sarasvata ghrita and comparative evaluation of its neuroprotective effect with modern alcoholic and lipid based extracts in beta-amyloid induced memory impairment. PG - 182-194 LID - S0378-8741(17)32314-0 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.jep.2018.02.032 [doi] AB - ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: Sarasvata ghrita (SG), a polyherbal formulation from ayurveda, an ancient medicinal system of India, has been used to improve intelligence and memory, treat speech delay, speaking difficulties and low digestion power in children. AIM OF THE STUDY: Study aimed to validate the ethno use of SG in memory enhancement through systematic scientific protocol. The effect of SG and modern extracts of ingredients of SG was compared on cognitive function and neuroprotection in amyloid-beta peptide 25-35(Abeta25-35) induced memory impairment in wistar rats. Further the underlying mechanism for neuroprotective activity was investigated. MATERIALS AND METHODS: SG was prepared as per traditional method, ethanolic extract (EE) was prepared by conventional method and lipid based extract was prepared by modern extraction method. All extracts were standardised by newly developed HPLC method with respect to marker compounds. SG, EE and LE were administered orally to male Wistar rats at doses of 100,200 and 400 mg/kg Body Weight by feeding needle for a period of 21 days after the intracerebroventricular administration of Abeta25-35 bilaterally. Spatial memory of rats was tested using Morris water maze (MWM) and Radial arm maze (RAM) test. The possible underlying mechanisms for the cognitive improvement exhibited by SG, EE and LE was investigated through ex-vivo brain antioxidant effect, monoamine level estimation, acetylcholine esterase (AchE) inhibitory effect and Brain-derived neurotropic factor (BDNF) levels estimation. RESULTS: SG, EE and LE were analyzed by HPLC method, results showed that EE extract has high percent of selected phytoconstituents as compared with SG and LE. SG and LE decrease escape latency and searching distance in a dose dependant manner during MWM test. In case of RAM significant decrease in number of errors and increase in number of correct choices indicate an elevation in retention and recall aspects of learning and memory after administration of SG an LE. SG and LE extract can efficiently prevent accumulation of beta-amyloid plaque in hippocampus region. There was increase in SOD, GSH, CAT and NO level and decrease in MDA levels in SG and LE administered animals. SG and LE have found to exhibit AchE inhibitiory activity and significant dose-dependant increase in BDNF level in the plasma. SG and LE significantly increased the levels of noradrenaline, dopamine and 5-hydroxytryptamine in the brain. CONCLUSION: The study validated the neuroprotective activity of SG. The study concludes the extraction efficiency of SG for selected phytoconstituents is less than modern methods. However the neuroprotective activity of SG and LE was found to be greater than EE. CI - Copyright (c) 2018. Published by Elsevier B.V. FAU - Shelar, Madhuri AU - Shelar M AD - Department of Pharmaceutiacal Chemistry, Bharati Vidyapeeth University, Poona College of Pharmacy, Paud Road, Erandwane, Pune India. FAU - Nanaware, Sadhana AU - Nanaware S AD - Department of Pharmaceutiacal Chemistry, Bharati Vidyapeeth University, Poona College of Pharmacy, Paud Road, Erandwane, Pune India. FAU - Arulmozhi, S AU - Arulmozhi S AD - Department of Pharmacology, Bharati Vidyapeeth University, Poona College of Pharmacy, Paud Road, Erandwane, Pune India. FAU - Lohidasan, Sathiyanarayanan AU - Lohidasan S AD - Department of Pharmaceutiacal Chemistry, Bharati Vidyapeeth University, Poona College of Pharmacy, Paud Road, Erandwane, Pune India. Electronic address: pharmsathiya@gmail.com. FAU - Mahadik, Kakasaheb AU - Mahadik K AD - Department of Pharmaceutiacal Chemistry, Bharati Vidyapeeth University, Poona College of Pharmacy, Paud Road, Erandwane, Pune India. Electronic address: krmahadik@rediffmail.com. LA - eng PT - Comparative Study PT - Journal Article PT - Validation Study DEP - 20180301 PL - Ireland TA - J Ethnopharmacol JT - Journal of ethnopharmacology JID - 7903310 RN - 0 (Amyloid beta-Peptides) RN - 0 (Lipids) RN - 0 (Neuroprotective Agents) RN - 0 (Peptide Fragments) RN - 0 (Plant Extracts) RN - 0 (amyloid beta-protein (25-35)) RN - 3K9958V90M (Ethanol) SB - IM MH - Amyloid beta-Peptides/*toxicity MH - Animals MH - Brain/drug effects/metabolism MH - Drug Evaluation, Preclinical/methods/standards MH - Ethanol/pharmacology/therapeutic use MH - Ethnopharmacology/methods/*standards MH - Lipids/pharmacology/therapeutic use MH - Male MH - Maze Learning/drug effects/physiology MH - Medicine, Ayurvedic/methods/*standards MH - Memory Disorders/chemically induced/*drug therapy MH - Neuroprotective Agents/isolation & purification/pharmacology/*therapeutic use MH - Peptide Fragments/*toxicity MH - Plant Extracts/isolation & purification/pharmacology/*therapeutic use MH - Plants, Medicinal MH - Rats MH - Rats, Wistar MH - Treatment Outcome OTO - NOTNLM OT - 6 - Shogaol (PubChem CID 5281794) OT - AchE inhibitiory activity OT - Amyloid-beta peptide OT - Bebeerine (PubChem CID 253793) OT - Brain antioxidant OT - Chebulininc acid (PubChem CID 452240) OT - Morris water maze OT - Neuroprotection OT - Pharmacological Parameters OT - Pharmacological Procedures OT - Phytopharmacy OT - Piperine (PubChem CID 638024) OT - Sarasvata ghrita OT - beta-Asarone (PubChem CID 5281758) EDAT- 2018/03/05 06:00 MHDA- 2018/10/03 06:00 CRDT- 2018/03/05 06:00 PHST- 2017/06/21 00:00 [received] PHST- 2017/12/20 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2018/02/18 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2018/03/05 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2018/10/03 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2018/03/05 06:00 [entrez] AID - S0378-8741(17)32314-0 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.jep.2018.02.032 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Ethnopharmacol. 2018 Jun 12;219:182-194. doi: 10.1016/j.jep.2018.02.032. Epub 2018 Mar 1.