PMID- 29511375
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20180823
LR  - 20221207
IS  - 1449-1907 (Electronic)
IS  - 1449-1907 (Linking)
VI  - 15
IP  - 4
DP  - 2018
TI  - Distribution of Cytotoxic T Lymphocyte-Associated Antigen-4 Promoter 
      Polymorphisms in Taiwanese Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.
PG  - 395-402
LID - 10.7150/ijms.23097 [doi]
AB  - Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is associated with chronic inflammation, 
      suggesting the metabolic abnormalities are originated from or exacerbated by 
      cytokine overproduction. Cytokines and counter-regulatory molecules are crucial 
      in keeping the balance of immune responses and, therefore, are potential 
      candidates involved in T2DM etiology, development and complications. Our previous 
      reports identify several significant associations between the genotypes of 
      cytokine genes and T2DM and/or the clinical lipid parameters, which strongly 
      suggest the participation of immune-regulatory molecules in lipid metabolism. The 
      aim of this study is to determine the distribution of gene encoding cytotoxic T 
      lymphocyte-associated antigen-4 (CTLA-4), a T-cell negative regulator, in T2DM 
      patients and health subjects. Genomic DNA was extracted from 287 Taiwanese T2DM 
      patients and 278 ethnic- and age- matched healthy subjects, and two CTLA-4 
      polymorphisms (-318 C/T and +49 A/G) were analyzed by polymerase chain 
      reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism. Intriguingly, CTLA-4 -318 
      genotype was associated with circulatory triglycerides in T2DM subjects (P=0.019) 
      although no significant association between CTLA-4 -318 (P=0.119) and +49 (P=0.2) 
      genotypes with T2DM was identified. In addition, CTLA-4 +49 genotype was 
      significantly associated with the ratio between total cholesterol and 
      high-density lipoprotein (P=0.004) in control subjects. Our results suggest that 
      CTLA-4 may be involved in lipid metabolism and affect T2DM disease progression 
      and/or the development of diabetic complications although this gene does not 
      represent a major risk factor for T2DM.
FAU - Shih, Yung-Luen
AU  - Shih YL
AD  - Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Shin Kong Wu Ho-Su Memorial 
      Hospital, Taipei.
AD  - School of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Taipei Medical 
      University, Taipei.
AD  - School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Fu-Jen Catholic University, New Taipei 
      City.
FAU - Lu, Hsu-Feng
AU  - Lu HF
AD  - Department of Clinical Pathology, Cheng Hsin General Hospital, Taipei.
FAU - Hsiao, Chiao-Wan
AU  - Hsiao CW
AD  - Program in Molecular Medicine, National Yang-Ming University and Academia Sinica, 
      Taipei.
AD  - Department of Biotechnology and Laboratory Science in Medicine, National 
      Yang-Ming University, Taipei.
FAU - Ho, Kuo-Ting
AU  - Ho KT
AD  - Department of Biotechnology and Laboratory Science in Medicine, National 
      Yang-Ming University, Taipei.
AD  - ​Hi-Q Clinical Laboratory, Quanzhou, Fujian Province, PRC.
FAU - Chen, Pei-Chi
AU  - Chen PC
AD  - Divisions of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shin Kong Wu Ho-Su Memorial Hospital, 
      Taipei.
FAU - Huang, Chien-Ning
AU  - Huang CN
AD  - Department of Internal Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, 
      Taichung.
AD  - School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung.
FAU - Chang, Yuanmay
AU  - Chang Y
AD  - Department of Long Term Care, MacKay Medical College, New Taipei City.
FAU - Kao, Shang-Jyh
AU  - Kao SJ
AD  - Pulmonary Division, Shin Kong Wu Ho-Su Memorial Hospital, Taipei.
FAU - Shiau, Ming-Yuh
AU  - Shiau MY
AD  - Department of Nursing, College of Nursing, Hungkuang University, Taichung, 
      Taiwan.
FAU - Chang, Yih-Hsin
AU  - Chang YH
AD  - Department of Biotechnology and Laboratory Science in Medicine, National 
      Yang-Ming University, Taipei.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20180212
PL  - Australia
TA  - Int J Med Sci
JT  - International journal of medical sciences
JID - 101213954
RN  - 0 (CTLA-4 Antigen)
SB  - IM
MH  - Adult
MH  - Aged
MH  - Asian People
MH  - CTLA-4 Antigen/*genetics
MH  - Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/*genetics/pathology
MH  - Female
MH  - *Genetic Predisposition to Disease
MH  - Genotype
MH  - Humans
MH  - Male
MH  - Middle Aged
MH  - Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length
MH  - *Promoter Regions, Genetic
MH  - T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic/metabolism/pathology
PMC - PMC5835710
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen-4
OT  - genetic polymorphisms
OT  - type 2 diabetes mellitus
COIS- Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interest exists.
EDAT- 2018/03/08 06:00
MHDA- 2018/08/24 06:00
PMCR- 2018/01/01
CRDT- 2018/03/08 06:00
PHST- 2017/09/29 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2018/01/05 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2018/03/08 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2018/03/08 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2018/08/24 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2018/01/01 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - ijmsv15p0395 [pii]
AID - 10.7150/ijms.23097 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Int J Med Sci. 2018 Feb 12;15(4):395-402. doi: 10.7150/ijms.23097. eCollection 
      2018.