PMID- 29521292 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20180904 LR - 20220316 IS - 2542-5641 (Electronic) IS - 0366-6999 (Print) IS - 0366-6999 (Linking) VI - 131 IP - 6 DP - 2018 Mar 20 TI - Glehnia littoralis Extract Promotes Neurogenesis in the Hippocampal Dentate Gyrus of the Adult Mouse through Increasing Expressions of Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor and Tropomyosin-Related Kinase B. PG - 689-695 LID - 10.4103/0366-6999.226894 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Glehnia littoralis has been used for traditional Asian medicine, which has diverse therapeutic activities. However, studies regarding neurogenic effects of G. littoralis have not yet been considered. Therefore, in this study, we examined effects of G. littoralis extract on cell proliferation, neuroblast differentiation, and the maturation of newborn neurons in the hippocampus of adult mice. METHODS: A total of 39 male ICR mice (12 weeks old) were randomly assigned to vehicle-treated and 100 and 200 mg/kg G. littoralis extract-treated groups (n = 13 in each group). Vehicle and G. littoralis extract were orally administrated for 28 days. To examine neurogenic effects of G. littoralis extract, we performed immunohistochemistry for 5-bromo-2-deoxyuridine (BrdU, an indicator for cell proliferation) and doublecortin (DCX, an immature neuronal marker) and double immunofluorescence staining for BrdU and neuronal nuclear antigen (NeuN, a mature neuronal marker). In addition, we examined expressional changes of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and its major receptor tropomyosin-related kinase B (TrkB) using Western blotting analysis. RESULTS: Treatment with 200 mg/kg, not 100 mg/kg, significantly increased number of BrdU-immunoreactive ((+)) and DCX(+) cells (48.0 +/- 3.1 and 72.0 +/- 3.8 cells/section, respectively) in the subgranular zone (SGZ) of the dentate gyrus (DG) and BrdU(+)/NeuN(+) cells (17.0 +/- 1.5 cells/section) in the granule cell layer as well as in the SGZ. In addition, protein levels of BDNF and TrkB (about 232% and 244% of the vehicle-treated group, respectively) were significantly increased in the DG of the mice treated with 200 mg/kg of G. littoralis extract. CONCLUSION: G. littoralis extract promots cell proliferation, neuroblast differentiation, and neuronal maturation in the hippocampal DG, and neurogenic effects might be closely related to increases of BDNF and TrkB proteins by G. littoralis extract treatment. FAU - Park, Joon Ha AU - Park JH AD - Department of Biomedical Science and Research Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Korea. FAU - Shin, Bich Na AU - Shin BN AD - Department of Neurobiology, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea. FAU - Ahn, Ji Hyeon AU - Ahn JH AD - Department of Biomedical Science and Research Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Korea. FAU - Cho, Jeong Hwi AU - Cho JH AD - Department of Neurobiology, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea. FAU - Lee, Tae-Kyeong AU - Lee TK AD - Department of Neurobiology, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea. FAU - Lee, Jae-Chul AU - Lee JC AD - Department of Neurobiology, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea. FAU - Jeon, Yong Hwan AU - Jeon YH AD - Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea. FAU - Kang, Il Jun AU - Kang IJ AD - Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Korea. FAU - Yoo, Ki-Yeon AU - Yoo KY AD - Department of Oral Anatomy, College of Dentistry and Research Institute of Oral Biology, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung 25457, Korea. FAU - Hwang, In Koo AU - Hwang IK AD - Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Veterinary Medicine, and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea. FAU - Lee, Choong Hyun AU - Lee CH AD - Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Korea. FAU - Noh, Yoo Hun AU - Noh YH AD - Famenity Biomedical Research Center, Famenity, Inc., Gyeonggi 13837, Korea. FAU - Kim, Sung-Su AU - Kim SS AD - Famenity Biomedical Research Center, Famenity, Inc., Gyeonggi 13837, Korea. FAU - Won, Moo-Ho AU - Won MH AD - Department of Neurobiology, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea. FAU - Kim, Jong Dai AU - Kim JD AD - Division of Food Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PL - China TA - Chin Med J (Engl) JT - Chinese medical journal JID - 7513795 RN - 0 (Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor) RN - 0 (Dcx protein, mouse) RN - 0 (Doublecortin Domain Proteins) RN - 0 (Doublecortin Protein) RN - 0 (Microtubule-Associated Proteins) RN - 0 (Neuropeptides) RN - 0 (Plant Extracts) RN - EC 2.7.10.1 (Receptor, trkB) SB - IM MH - Animals MH - Apiaceae/*chemistry MH - Blotting, Western MH - Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor/*metabolism MH - Cell Differentiation/drug effects MH - Cell Proliferation/drug effects MH - Dentate Gyrus/*cytology/drug effects MH - Doublecortin Domain Proteins MH - Doublecortin Protein MH - Hippocampus/cytology/drug effects MH - Immunohistochemistry MH - Male MH - Mice MH - Microtubule-Associated Proteins/metabolism MH - Neurogenesis/drug effects MH - Neuropeptides/metabolism MH - Plant Extracts/*pharmacology MH - Receptor, trkB/*metabolism PMC - PMC5865315 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor OT - Cell Proliferation OT - Glehnia littoralis OT - Neuroblast Differentiation OT - Tropomyosin-Related Kinase B COIS- There are no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2018/03/10 06:00 MHDA- 2018/09/05 06:00 PMCR- 2018/03/20 CRDT- 2018/03/10 06:00 PHST- 2018/03/10 06:00 [entrez] PHST- 2018/03/10 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2018/09/05 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2018/03/20 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - ChinMedJ_2018_131_6_689_226894 [pii] AID - CMJ-131-689 [pii] AID - 10.4103/0366-6999.226894 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Chin Med J (Engl). 2018 Mar 20;131(6):689-695. doi: 10.4103/0366-6999.226894.