PMID- 29522691
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
DCOM- 20180918
LR  - 20180918
IS  - 1715-5320 (Electronic)
IS  - 1715-5312 (Linking)
VI  - 43
IP  - 4
DP  - 2018 Apr
TI  - A multifaceted investigation into the effects of acute exercise on indices of 
      brain function.
PG  - 411
LID - 10.1139/apnm-2018-0072 [doi]
AB  - Participation in regular exercise is important for the maintenance and 
      improvement of brain health across the lifespan. These beneficial effects are 
      realized almost immediately, as a single bout of exercise transiently improves 
      cognitive function after cessation from exercise. This postexercise time period 
      represents an opportunity to strategically prescribe cognitively stimulating 
      activities for enhancing brain plasticity and function. Mechanistically, acute 
      exercise is proposed to upregulate brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) 
      expression and increase regional activation and arousal of brain areas involved 
      in cognitive control; however, the specific mechanisms underlying this 
      facilitation are poorly understood. The purpose of this study was to (i) 
      investigate BDNF responses to small muscle mass exercise to probe a potential 
      mechanism of BDNF release during exercise; (ii) create and validate an 
      equipment-free exercise protocol for use in a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) 
      scanner, with the eventual goal of investigating brain responses during exercise 
      that may underlie improved cognition; and (iii) determine the effect of a very 
      brief bout of high-intensity interval exercise (HIIE) on neuroelectric indices of 
      reinforcement learning in young adults. Serum BDNF, platelet, and the amount of 
      BDNF per platelet responses were measured following short-duration, maximal 
      effort and long-duration, submaximal effort forearm handgrip exercise. We 
      assessed the magnitude and reliability of metabolic responses to a novel 
      whole-body isometric contraction (WBI) exercise protocol. We also characterized 
      the amount of head movement created by WBI. The event-related potential component 
      associated with reward-based learning was assessed before and after a bout of 
      HIIE. Forearm handgrip exercise significantly increased serum BDNF, platelets, 
      and BDNF per platelet, suggesting the possibility of splenic and cellular 
      contribution of BDNF in response to handgrip exercise. WBI reliably evokes 
      metabolic responses that are similar in magnitude to previous in-MRI studies, and 
      creates head movement suitable for MRI scanning. HIIE abolishes neuroelectric 
      indices of reward learning, likely owing to incomplete recovery from exercise. 
      These findings advance our understanding of neurochemical and neuroelectric 
      responses to acute exercise and introduce a novel tool that stands to further 
      elucidate the regional brain responses to exercise that may underlie enhanced 
      cognition after exercise.
FAU - Walsh, Jeremy J
AU  - Walsh JJ
AD  - School of Kinesiology and Health Studies, Queen's University, Kingston, ON K7L 
      3N6, Canada.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20180309
PL  - Canada
TA  - Appl Physiol Nutr Metab
JT  - Applied physiology, nutrition, and metabolism = Physiologie appliquee, nutrition 
      et metabolisme
JID - 101264333
EDAT- 2018/03/10 06:00
MHDA- 2018/03/10 06:01
CRDT- 2018/03/10 06:00
PHST- 2018/03/10 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2018/03/10 06:01 [medline]
PHST- 2018/03/10 06:00 [entrez]
AID - 10.1139/apnm-2018-0072 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Appl Physiol Nutr Metab. 2018 Apr;43(4):411. doi: 10.1139/apnm-2018-0072. Epub 
      2018 Mar 9.