PMID- 29540881
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20191021
LR  - 20191022
IS  - 0030-9982 (Print)
IS  - 0030-9982 (Linking)
VI  - 68
IP  - 3
DP  - 2018 Mar
TI  - Harmful consequences of specific substances on the oral health.
PG  - 437-443
AB  - Numerous substances may have an adverse influence on the oral region by virtue of 
      their potentially harmful effects. Dental practitioners are often the first to 
      see these effects in the head and neck region. Knowledge of the damaging 
      consequences of agents such as alcohol, tobacco, areca nut, medications, 
      alcohol-containing mouthwashes, dental devices and materials can assist the 
      practitioners in clinical decision-making and accurate diagnosis of associated 
      lesions. More importantly, timely diagnosis and prompt reporting of such harmful 
      effects improve the quality of care. Such knowledge may also help in patient's 
      education for the avoidance of associated adverse effects (AEs). Consequently, a 
      thorough acquaintance of AEs will consolidate the distinct role of medical and 
      oral health practitioners in safeguarding the patients' oral and systemic 
      well-being. This article was planned to review the harmful consequences of 
      specific substances on the oral health. Traditionally, the emphasis of review 
      articles has been on reviewing the harmful effects of a single entity on oral 
      health. This review is unique in the sense that it comprehensively and 
      collectively focussed on the harmful effects on the oral health of addictive and 
      illicit substances (alcohol, betel nut), medications, alcohol-containing 
      mouthwashes, medications and dental materials.
FAU - Shaikh, Sameer
AU  - Shaikh S
AD  - Department of Oral Diagnosis & Oral Medicine, College of Dentistry, University of 
      Ha'il, Ha'il, Saudi Arabia.
FAU - Aljanakh, Mohammad
AU  - Aljanakh M
AD  - Department of Restorative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, University of Ha'il, 
      Ha'il, Saudi Arabia.
FAU - Al Ibrahim, Ibrahim Khalil
AU  - Al Ibrahim IK
AD  - College of Dentistry, University of Ha'il, Ha'il, Saudi Arabia.
FAU - Memon, Mohammad Sohail
AU  - Memon MS
AD  - Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Sydney, Westmead, NSW, Australia.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Review
PL  - Pakistan
TA  - J Pak Med Assoc
JT  - JPMA. The Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association
JID - 7501162
RN  - 0 (Dental Materials)
RN  - 0 (Mouthwashes)
SB  - IM
MH  - Alcohol Drinking/*adverse effects
MH  - Areca/*adverse effects
MH  - Candidiasis, Oral/etiology
MH  - Dental Materials/*adverse effects
MH  - Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions/*etiology
MH  - Fibrosis/etiology
MH  - Gingival Overgrowth/etiology
MH  - Humans
MH  - Keratosis/etiology
MH  - Leukoplakia, Oral/etiology
MH  - Mouth Diseases/*etiology
MH  - Mouth Mucosa
MH  - Mouthwashes/*adverse effects
MH  - Oral Ulcer/etiology
MH  - Taste Disorders/etiology
MH  - Tobacco Use/*adverse effects
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Oral health, Adverse effects, Alcohol, Tobacco, Areca (betel) nut, 
      Alcohol-containing mouthwashes, Medications, Dental materials and devices.
EDAT- 2018/03/16 06:00
MHDA- 2019/10/23 06:00
CRDT- 2018/03/16 06:00
PHST- 2018/03/16 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2018/03/16 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2019/10/23 06:00 [medline]
AID - 8609 [pii]
PST - ppublish
SO  - J Pak Med Assoc. 2018 Mar;68(3):437-443.