PMID- 29553794
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20180614
LR  - 20190518
IS  - 0261-1929 (Print)
IS  - 0261-1929 (Linking)
VI  - 46
IP  - 1
DP  - 2018 Mar
TI  - Animal research for type 2 diabetes mellitus, its limited translation for 
      clinical benefit, and the way forward.
PG  - 13-22
AB  - Obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) have reached pandemic proportions 
      worldwide, and considerable research efforts have been dedicated to investigating 
      disease pathology and therapeutic options. The two hallmark features of T2DM, 
      insulin resistance and pancreatic dysfunction, have been studied extensively by 
      using various animal models. Despite the knowledge acquired from such models, 
      particularly mechanistic discoveries that sometimes mimic human T2DM mechanisms 
      or pathways, many details of human T2DM pathogenesis remain unknown, therapeutic 
      options remain limited, and a cure has eluded research. Emerging human data have 
      raised concern regarding inter-species differences at many levels (e.g. in gene 
      regulation, pancreatic cytoarchitecture, glucose transport, and insulin secretion 
      regulation), and the subsequent impact of these differences on the clinical 
      translation of animal research findings. Therefore, it is important to recognise 
      and address the translational gap between basic animal-based research and the 
      clinical advances needed to prevent and treat T2DM. The purpose of this report is 
      to identify some limitations of T2DM animal research, and to propose how greater 
      human relevance and applicability of hypothesis-driven basic T2DM research could 
      be achieved through the use of human-based data acquisition at various biological 
      levels. This report addresses how in vitro, in vivo and in silico technologies 
      could be used to investigate particular aspects of human glucose regulation. We 
      do not propose that T2DM animal research has been without value in the 
      identification of mechanisms, pathways, or potential targets for therapies, nor 
      do we claim that human-based methods can provide all the answers. We recognise 
      that the ultimate goal of T2DM animal research is to identify ways to advance the 
      prevention, recognition and treatment of T2DM in humans, but postulate that this 
      is where the use of animal models falls short, despite decades of effort. The 
      best way to achieve this goal is by prioritising human-centred research.
CI  - 2018 FRAME.
FAU - Ali, Zeeshan
AU  - Ali Z
AD  - Physicians Committee for Responsible Medicine, Washington, DC, USA.
FAU - Chandrasekera, P Charukeshi
AU  - Chandrasekera PC
AD  - Physicians Committee for Responsible Medicine, Washington, DC, USA.
FAU - Pippin, John J
AU  - Pippin JJ
AD  - Physicians Committee for Responsible Medicine, Washington, DC, USA.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PL  - England
TA  - Altern Lab Anim
JT  - Alternatives to laboratory animals : ATLA
JID - 8110074
SB  - IM
MH  - *Animal Experimentation
MH  - Animals
MH  - Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/*therapy
MH  - Disease Models, Animal
MH  - Humans
MH  - Systems Biology
EDAT- 2018/03/20 06:00
MHDA- 2018/06/15 06:00
CRDT- 2018/03/20 06:00
PHST- 2018/03/20 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2018/03/20 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2018/06/15 06:00 [medline]
AID - 10.1177/026119291804600101 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Altern Lab Anim. 2018 Mar;46(1):13-22. doi: 10.1177/026119291804600101.