PMID- 29559272
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20190923
LR  - 20190923
IS  - 1873-460X (Electronic)
IS  - 1056-8727 (Linking)
VI  - 32
IP  - 5
DP  - 2018 May
TI  - Amino acid levels in nascent metabolic syndrome: A contributor to the 
      pro-inflammatory burden.
PG  - 465-469
LID - S1056-8727(18)30137-5 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2018.02.005 [doi]
AB  - AIMS: Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) is a cluster of cardio-metabolic risk factors 
      characterized by low-grade inflammation which confers an increased risk for type 
      2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and cardiovascular disease (CVD). Prior studies have 
      linked elevated branched chain amino acids (BCAA) and aromatic amino acids (AAA) 
      with T2DM and CVD. Due to the paucity of data in MetS, the aim of this study was 
      to investigate the status of amino acids as early biomarkers of nascent MetS 
      patients without T2DM and CVD or smoking. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: Healthy 
      controls (n = 20) and MetS (n = 29) patients were recruited for the study. MetS 
      was defined by criteria of National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment 
      Panel III of having at least 3 risk factors. Urinary amino acids were quantified 
      by gas chromatography time-of-flight mass spectrometry at the Western NIH 
      Metabolomics Center as expressed to urinary creatinine. RESULTS: Tyrosine and 
      Isoleucine levels were significantly elevated in MetS patients. Isoleucine 
      positively correlated with salient cardio-metabolic features and inflammatory 
      biomarkers. Lysine and Methionine levels were decreased in MetS patients. Lysine 
      correlated negatively with cardio-metabolic features and inflammatory bimarkers. 
      Methionine also correlated negatively with blood pressure and certain 
      inflammatory biomarkers. CONCLUSION: Our novel results suggest that with regards 
      to the cardio-metabolic risk factors and pro-inflammatory features of MetS, 
      isoleucine (BCAA) demonstrated a positive correlation while lysine demonstrated a 
      negative correlation. Thus, increased levels of isoleucine and decreased levels 
      of lysine could be potential early biomarkers of MetS.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2018. Published by Elsevier Inc.
FAU - Reddy, Priya
AU  - Reddy P
AD  - California Northstate University College of Medicine, Elk Grove, CA, United 
      States.
FAU - Leong, Joseph
AU  - Leong J
AD  - California Northstate University College of Medicine, Elk Grove, CA, United 
      States.
FAU - Jialal, Ishwarlal
AU  - Jialal I
AD  - California Northstate University College of Medicine, Elk Grove, CA, United 
      States. Electronic address: kjialal@gmail.com.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20180309
PL  - United States
TA  - J Diabetes Complications
JT  - Journal of diabetes and its complications
JID - 9204583
RN  - 0 (Amino Acids)
RN  - 0 (Biomarkers)
SB  - IM
MH  - Adult
MH  - Aged
MH  - Amino Acids/*blood
MH  - Biomarkers/*blood
MH  - Case-Control Studies
MH  - Disease Progression
MH  - Female
MH  - Humans
MH  - Male
MH  - Metabolic Syndrome/*blood/*diagnosis/pathology
MH  - Metabolomics
MH  - Middle Aged
MH  - Prognosis
MH  - Risk Factors
MH  - Young Adult
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Inflammation
OT  - Isoleucine
OT  - Lysine
OT  - Metabolic syndrome
OT  - Metabolomics
OT  - Methionine
EDAT- 2018/03/22 06:00
MHDA- 2019/09/24 06:00
CRDT- 2018/03/22 06:00
PHST- 2018/02/06 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2018/02/21 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2018/02/24 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2018/03/22 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2019/09/24 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2018/03/22 06:00 [entrez]
AID - S1056-8727(18)30137-5 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2018.02.005 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - J Diabetes Complications. 2018 May;32(5):465-469. doi: 
      10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2018.02.005. Epub 2018 Mar 9.