PMID- 29567621 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20190204 LR - 20190502 IS - 1873-3360 (Electronic) IS - 0306-4530 (Print) IS - 0306-4530 (Linking) VI - 91 DP - 2018 May TI - Diet matters: Glucocorticoid-related neuroadaptations associated with calorie intake in female rhesus monkeys. PG - 169-178 LID - S0306-4530(17)31474-9 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2018.03.008 [doi] AB - Exposure to psychosocial stressors increases consumption of palatable, calorically dense diets (CDD) and the risk for obesity, especially in females. While consumption of an obesogenic diet and chronic stress have both been shown to decrease dopamine 2 receptor (D2R) binding and alter functional connectivity (FC) within the prefrontal cortex (PFC) and the nucleus accumbens (NAcc), it remains uncertain how social experience and dietary environment interact to affect reward pathways critical for the regulation of motivated behavior. Using positron emission tomography (PET) and resting state functional connectivity magnetic resonance neuroimaging (rs-fMRI), in female rhesus monkeys maintained in a low calorie chow (n = 18) or a dietary choice condition (chow and a CDD; n = 16) for 12 months, the current study tested the overarching hypothesis that the adverse social experience resulting from subordinate social status would interact with consumption of an obesogenic diet to increase caloric intake that would be predicted by greater cortisol, lower prefrontal D2R binding potential (D2R-BP) and lower PFC-NAcc FC. Results showed that the consequences of adverse social experience imposed by chronic social subordination vary significantly depending on the dietary environment and are associated with alterations in prefrontal D2R-BP and FC in NAcc-PFC sub-regions that predict differences in caloric intake, body weight gain, and fat accumulation. Higher levels of cortisol in the chow-only condition were associated with mild inappetence, as well as increased orbitofrontal (OFC) D2R-BP and greater FC between the NAcc and the dorsolateral PFC (dlPFC) and ventromedial PFC (vmPFC). However, increased cortisol release in females in the dietary choice condition was associated with reduced prefrontal D2R-BP, and opposite FC between the NAcc and the vmPFC and dlPFC observed in the chow-only females. Importantly, the degree of these glucocorticoid-related neuroadaptations predicted significantly more total calorie intake as well as more consumption of the CDD for females having a dietary choice, but had no relation to calorie intake in the chow-only condition. Overall, the current findings suggest that dietary environment modifies the consequences of adverse social experience on reward pathways and appetite regulation and, in an obesogenic dietary environment, may reflect impaired cognitive control of food intake. CI - Copyright (c) 2018 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. FAU - Godfrey, Jodi R AU - Godfrey JR AD - Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Atlanta, GA, United States. FAU - Diaz, Maylen Perez AU - Diaz MP AD - Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Atlanta, GA, United States. FAU - Pincus, Melanie AU - Pincus M AD - Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Atlanta, GA, United States. FAU - Kovacs-Balint, Zsofia AU - Kovacs-Balint Z AD - Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Atlanta, GA, United States. FAU - Feczko, Eric AU - Feczko E AD - Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States. FAU - Earl, Eric AU - Earl E AD - Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States. FAU - Miranda-Dominguez, Oscar AU - Miranda-Dominguez O AD - Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States. FAU - Fair, Damien AU - Fair D AD - Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States. FAU - Sanchez, Mar M AU - Sanchez MM AD - Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Atlanta, GA, United States; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States. FAU - Wilson, Mark E AU - Wilson ME AD - Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Atlanta, GA, United States; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States. FAU - Michopoulos, Vasiliki AU - Michopoulos V AD - Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Atlanta, GA, United States; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States. Electronic address: vmichop@emory.edu. LA - eng GR - K12 HD085850/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/United States GR - P51 OD011132/OD/NIH HHS/United States GR - R01 DK096983/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/United States GR - S10 OD010757/OD/NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural DEP - 20180314 PL - England TA - Psychoneuroendocrinology JT - Psychoneuroendocrinology JID - 7612148 RN - 0 (Glucocorticoids) RN - 0 (Receptors, Dopamine D2) RN - WI4X0X7BPJ (Hydrocortisone) SB - IM MH - Animals MH - Diet/psychology MH - Eating/physiology/psychology MH - Energy Intake/*physiology MH - Feeding Behavior/physiology/*psychology MH - Feeding and Eating Disorders MH - Female MH - Food Preferences/psychology MH - Glucocorticoids/metabolism MH - Hierarchy, Social MH - Hydrocortisone/metabolism MH - Macaca mulatta/physiology MH - Nucleus Accumbens/physiology MH - Obesity MH - Positron-Emission Tomography MH - Prefrontal Cortex/physiology MH - Receptors, Dopamine D2/*drug effects/metabolism MH - Reward MH - Social Behavior MH - Social Environment MH - Stress, Psychological/metabolism PMC - PMC5899678 MID - NIHMS952946 COIS- Conflicts of Interest All authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2018/03/24 06:00 MHDA- 2019/02/05 06:00 PMCR- 2019/05/01 CRDT- 2018/03/24 06:00 PHST- 2017/10/27 00:00 [received] PHST- 2018/01/31 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2018/03/13 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2018/03/24 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2019/02/05 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2018/03/24 06:00 [entrez] PHST- 2019/05/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S0306-4530(17)31474-9 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2018.03.008 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Psychoneuroendocrinology. 2018 May;91:169-178. doi: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2018.03.008. Epub 2018 Mar 14.