PMID- 29570653
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20180917
LR  - 20240314
IS  - 2072-6643 (Electronic)
IS  - 2072-6643 (Linking)
VI  - 10
IP  - 4
DP  - 2018 Mar 23
TI  - Elucidating Adverse Nutritional Implications of Exposure to Endocrine-Disrupting 
      Chemicals and Mycotoxins through Stable Isotope Techniques.
LID - 10.3390/nu10040401 [doi]
LID - 401
AB  - Multiple drivers of the double burden of malnutrition (DBM) include a rapid shift 
      from predominantly plant-based diets to energy-dense foods based on meats, milk, 
      animal fats and vegetable oils. The shift to overweight and obesity is driven by 
      increased exposure to mass media, urbanization, technological advances in food 
      processing, rising income and increased population density associated with 
      increased access to cheap foods. At the same time, undernutrition persists mainly 
      due to food insecurity and lack of access to safe water, sanitation and adequate 
      health care. All known nutrition interventions result in only one third reduction 
      in stunting. Little consideration has been given to hazardous exposure to 
      endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) and microbial toxins as major components of 
      the malnutrition-causal framework. These hazards include microbial toxins, for 
      example, mycotoxins, and environmental pollutants such as persistent organic 
      pollutants (POPs), some of which are known to disrupt the endocrine system. These 
      hazards sit at the cross road of undernutrition and overweight and obesity since 
      the exposure cuts across the critical window of opportunity (the first 1000 
      days). In this review, we update on the role of food and environmental 
      contaminants, especially EDCs and aflatoxins, in child growth and on the 
      implications for metabolic dysfunction and disease risk in later life, and 
      discuss potential applications of nuclear and isotopic techniques to elucidate 
      the underlying biological mechanisms, outcome indicators, as well as occurrence 
      levels.
FAU - Owino, Victor O
AU  - Owino VO
AD  - Nutrition and Health Related Environmental Studies Section, Division of Health, 
      International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna International Centre P.O. Box 100, 
      A-1400 Vienna, Austria. V.Owino@iaea.org.
FAU - Cornelius, Carolin
AU  - Cornelius C
AD  - Nutrition and Health Related Environmental Studies Section, Division of Health, 
      International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna International Centre P.O. Box 100, 
      A-1400 Vienna, Austria. Carolin.Cornelius@meduniwien.ac.at.
FAU - Loechl, Cornelia U
AU  - Loechl CU
AD  - Nutrition and Health Related Environmental Studies Section, Division of Health, 
      International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna International Centre P.O. Box 100, 
      A-1400 Vienna, Austria. C.U.Loechl@iaea.org.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Review
DEP - 20180323
PL  - Switzerland
TA  - Nutrients
JT  - Nutrients
JID - 101521595
RN  - 0 (Aflatoxins)
RN  - 0 (Endocrine Disruptors)
RN  - 0 (Mycotoxins)
SB  - IM
MH  - Adult
MH  - Aflatoxins/adverse effects
MH  - Age Factors
MH  - Animals
MH  - Child
MH  - Child Development/drug effects
MH  - Child, Preschool
MH  - Endocrine Disruptors/*adverse effects
MH  - Energy Metabolism/*drug effects
MH  - Female
MH  - *Food Contamination
MH  - Humans
MH  - Infant
MH  - Infant, Newborn
MH  - Isotope Labeling/*methods
MH  - Male
MH  - Malnutrition/*chemically induced/physiopathology
MH  - Maternal Exposure/adverse effects
MH  - Mycotoxins/*adverse effects
MH  - Nutritional Status/*drug effects
MH  - Obesity/*chemically induced/physiopathology
MH  - Pregnancy
MH  - Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects
MH  - Risk Assessment
PMC - PMC5946186
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - aflatoxins
OT  - child growth and development
OT  - endocrine disruptors
OT  - food and environmental hazards
OT  - stable isotope techniques
COIS- The authors declare not having any conflict of interest.
EDAT- 2018/03/24 06:00
MHDA- 2018/09/18 06:00
PMCR- 2018/04/01
CRDT- 2018/03/24 06:00
PHST- 2018/02/22 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2018/03/16 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2018/03/19 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2018/03/24 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2018/03/24 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2018/09/18 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2018/04/01 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - nu10040401 [pii]
AID - nutrients-10-00401 [pii]
AID - 10.3390/nu10040401 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Nutrients. 2018 Mar 23;10(4):401. doi: 10.3390/nu10040401.