PMID- 29575913 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20180515 LR - 20180515 IS - 0236-5383 (Print) IS - 0236-5383 (Linking) VI - 69 IP - 1 DP - 2018 Mar TI - Age-related and function-dependent regional alterations of free L- and D-aspartate in postembryonic chick brain. PG - 1-15 LID - 10.1556/018.68.2018.1.1 [doi] AB - D-aspartate (D-Asp) modulates adult neural plasticity and embryonic brain development by promoting cell proliferation, survival and differentiation. Here, developmental changes of the excitatory amino acids (EAAs) L-Glu, L-Asp and D-Asp were determined during the first postembryonic days, a time window for early learning, in selected brain regions of domestic chickens after chiral separation and capillary electrophoresis. Extracellular concentration (ECC) of EAAs was measured in microdialysis samples from freely moving chicks. ECC of D-Asp (but not L-EAAs) decreased during the first week of age, with no considerable regional or learning-related variation. ECC of L-Asp and L-Glu (but not of D-Asp) were elevated in the mSt/Ac in response to a rewarding stimulus, suggesting importance of Asp-Glu co-release in synaptic plasticity of basal ganglia. Potassium-evoked release of D-Asp, with a protracted transient, was also demonstrated. D-Asp constitutes greater percentage of total aspartate in the extracellular space than in whole tissue extracts, thus the bulk of D-Asp detected in tissue appears in the extracellular space. Conversely, only a fraction of tissue L-EAAs can be detected in extracellular space. The lack of changes in tissue D-Asp following avoidance learning indicates a tonic, rather than phasic, mechanism in the neuromodulatory action of this amino acid. FAU - Zachar, Gergely AU - Zachar G AD - 1 Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology Semmelweis University , Tuzolto u. 58, H-1094 Budapest , Hungary. FAU - Jako, Tamas AU - Jako T AD - 2 Department of Pharmacodynamics Semmelweis University , Budapest , Hungary. FAU - Vincze, Istvan AU - Vincze I AD - 2 Department of Pharmacodynamics Semmelweis University , Budapest , Hungary. FAU - Wagner, Zsolt AU - Wagner Z AD - 2 Department of Pharmacodynamics Semmelweis University , Budapest , Hungary. FAU - Tabi, Tamas AU - Tabi T AD - 2 Department of Pharmacodynamics Semmelweis University , Budapest , Hungary. FAU - Balint, Eszter AU - Balint E AD - 1 Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology Semmelweis University , Tuzolto u. 58, H-1094 Budapest , Hungary. FAU - Mezey, Szilvia AU - Mezey S AD - 1 Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology Semmelweis University , Tuzolto u. 58, H-1094 Budapest , Hungary. FAU - Szoko, Eva AU - Szoko E AD - 2 Department of Pharmacodynamics Semmelweis University , Budapest , Hungary. FAU - Csillag, Andras AU - Csillag A AD - 1 Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology Semmelweis University , Tuzolto u. 58, H-1094 Budapest , Hungary. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PL - Hungary TA - Acta Biol Hung JT - Acta biologica Hungarica JID - 8404358 RN - 30KYC7MIAI (Aspartic Acid) RN - 4SR0Q8YD1X (D-Aspartic Acid) RN - IY9XDZ35W2 (Glucose) RN - RWP5GA015D (Potassium) SB - IM MH - Age Factors MH - Animals MH - Aspartic Acid/*metabolism MH - Avoidance Learning/*physiology MH - Brain/embryology/growth & development/*metabolism MH - Chick Embryo MH - Chickens MH - D-Aspartic Acid/*metabolism MH - Extracellular Space/drug effects/metabolism MH - Glucose/metabolism MH - Memory/physiology MH - Microdialysis MH - Potassium/pharmacology MH - Time Factors OTO - NOTNLM OT - D-aspartic acid OT - amygdala OT - arcopallium OT - avian brain OT - postembryonic development EDAT- 2018/03/27 06:00 MHDA- 2018/05/16 06:00 CRDT- 2018/03/27 06:00 PHST- 2018/03/27 06:00 [entrez] PHST- 2018/03/27 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2018/05/16 06:00 [medline] AID - 10.1556/018.68.2018.1.1 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Acta Biol Hung. 2018 Mar;69(1):1-15. doi: 10.1556/018.68.2018.1.1.