PMID- 29597305
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20180917
LR  - 20181114
IS  - 2072-6643 (Electronic)
IS  - 2072-6643 (Linking)
VI  - 10
IP  - 4
DP  - 2018 Mar 28
TI  - Effects of Consuming a Low Dose of Alcohol with Mixers Containing Carbohydrate or 
      Artificial Sweetener on Simulated Driving Performance.
LID - 10.3390/nu10040419 [doi]
LID - 419
AB  - The Australian National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre (NDARC) devised 
      gender-based drinking recommendations to ensure blood or equivalized breath 
      alcohol concentrations (BrAC) remain <0.050%. However, these may be inappropriate 
      for individuals consuming alcohol without carbohydrate (CHO), which results in 
      higher BrACs. This study investigated the effects of ingesting alcohol with and 
      without CHO on BrACs and simulated driving performance. Thirty-two participants 
      (16 males; age: 23 +/- 6 years) completed two randomized single-blinded trials. 
      Participants performed a baseline drive (Drive 1), then an experimental drive 
      (Drive 2), following alcohol consumption (males: 20 g; females: 10 g). Alcoholic 
      beverages contained either 25 g sucrose or aspartame (AS). Driving performance 
      was assessed using lateral control (standard deviation of lane position [SDLP] 
      and number of lane departures) and risk-taking (number of overtaking maneuvers 
      and maximum overtaking speed). BrAC and subjective ratings (e.g., intoxication) 
      were also assessed. BrAC was significantly lower as Drive 2 commenced with CHO 
      compared to AS (0.022 +/- 0.008% vs. 0.030 +/- 0.011%). Two males provided BrACs 
      >0.050% with AS. Neither beverage influenced changes to simulated driving 
      performance. Ingesting alcohol in quantities advised by the NDARC results in no 
      detectable simulated driving impairment. However, the likelihood of exceeding the 
      legal drink-driving BrAC is increased when alcohol is consumed with 
      artificially-sweetened mixers.
FAU - Brickley, Bryce
AU  - Brickley B
AD  - Menzies Health Institute Queensland, School of Allied Health Sciences, Griffith 
      University, Gold Coast 4215, Australia. bryce.brickley@griffithuni.edu.au.
FAU - Desbrow, Ben
AU  - Desbrow B
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3756-8866
AD  - Menzies Health Institute Queensland, School of Allied Health Sciences, Griffith 
      University, Gold Coast 4215, Australia. b.desbrow@griffith.edu.au.
FAU - McCartney, Danielle
AU  - McCartney D
AD  - Menzies Health Institute Queensland, School of Allied Health Sciences, Griffith 
      University, Gold Coast 4215, Australia. danielle.mccartney@griffithuni.edu.au.
FAU - Irwin, Christopher
AU  - Irwin C
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1379-4271
AD  - Menzies Health Institute Queensland, School of Allied Health Sciences, Griffith 
      University, Gold Coast 4215, Australia. c.irwin@griffith.edu.au.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Randomized Controlled Trial
DEP - 20180328
PL  - Switzerland
TA  - Nutrients
JT  - Nutrients
JID - 101521595
RN  - 0 (Carbohydrates)
RN  - 0 (Sweetening Agents)
RN  - 3K9958V90M (Ethanol)
SB  - IM
MH  - Adolescent
MH  - Adult
MH  - *Alcohol Drinking
MH  - Alcoholic Beverages/*analysis
MH  - *Automobile Driving
MH  - Carbohydrates/administration & dosage/*chemistry
MH  - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
MH  - Ethanol/*administration & dosage
MH  - Female
MH  - Humans
MH  - Male
MH  - Simulation Training
MH  - Sweetening Agents/*administration & dosage
MH  - Young Adult
PMC - PMC5946204
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - alcohol
OT  - artificial sweetener
OT  - carbohydrate
OT  - cognitive performance
OT  - driving
OT  - simulated driving
COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest.
EDAT- 2018/03/31 06:00
MHDA- 2018/09/18 06:00
PMCR- 2018/04/01
CRDT- 2018/03/31 06:00
PHST- 2018/02/09 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2018/03/22 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2018/03/26 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2018/03/31 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2018/03/31 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2018/09/18 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2018/04/01 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - nu10040419 [pii]
AID - nutrients-10-00419 [pii]
AID - 10.3390/nu10040419 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Nutrients. 2018 Mar 28;10(4):419. doi: 10.3390/nu10040419.