PMID- 29599592
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
LR  - 20220321
IS  - 0976-237X (Print)
IS  - 0976-2361 (Electronic)
IS  - 0976-2361 (Linking)
VI  - 9
IP  - 1
DP  - 2018 Jan-Mar
TI  - Comparison of Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha Concentrations in Gingival Crevicular Fluid 
      between Self-Ligating and Preadjusted Edgewise Appliances in the Early Leveling 
      Stage of Orthodontic Treatment.
PG  - 92-96
LID - 10.4103/ccd.ccd_792_17 [doi]
AB  - INTRODUCTION: Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) is an important proinflammatory 
      cytokine that regulates the early phase of inflammation reaction during 
      orthodontic tooth movement. The aim of the present study was to compare TNF-alpha 
      concentrations in the gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) between preadjusted 
      edgewise appliance (PEA) and self-ligating (SL) systems during the early leveling 
      stage of orthodontic treatment. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Eighteen patients (aged 
      15-35 years) who participated in this study were divided into two experimental 
      groups (PEA and SL) and control group (without orthodontic treatment). The GCF 
      was taken at five sites in the maxilla anterior teeth from each participant just 
      before bracket bonding and at 1, 24, and 168 h after the initiation of tooth 
      movement. Cytokine levels were determined through ELISA. RESULTS: The 
      concentration of TNF-alpha was significantly higher in the experimental groups than 
      in the control group at 24 h after force application. TNF-alpha levels were 
      significantly decreased at 168 h after force application in the PEA group. 
      Meanwhile, in the SL group, the level of TNF-alpha at 168 h was still increased, 
      although there was no statistically significant difference. CONCLUSION: TNF-alpha 
      concentration was increased at 1 h and 24 h after orthodontic force application 
      in both the PEA and SL groups. In the PEA group, TNF-alpha concentration was 
      significantly decreased at 168 h, meanwhile in the SL group, this value remained 
      increased at this time point. The differences in TNF-alpha concentration between the 
      PEA and SL groups may be caused by their different types of brackets, wires, and 
      ligation methods.
FAU - Pramustika, Agita
AU  - Pramustika A
AD  - Department of Orthodontic, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Indonesia, 
      Jakarta, Indonesia.
FAU - Soedarsono, Nurtami
AU  - Soedarsono N
AD  - Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Indonesia, 
      Jakarta, Indonesia.
FAU - Krisnawati
AU  - Krisnawati
AD  - Department of Orthodontic, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Indonesia, 
      Jakarta, Indonesia.
FAU - Widayati, Retno
AU  - Widayati R
AD  - Department of Orthodontic, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Indonesia, 
      Jakarta, Indonesia.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PL  - India
TA  - Contemp Clin Dent
JT  - Contemporary clinical dentistry
JID - 101552967
PMC - PMC5863418
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Gingival crevicular fluid
OT  - orthodontic tooth movement
OT  - preadjusted edgewise appliance
OT  - self-ligating system
OT  - tumor necrosis factor-alpha
COIS- There are no conflicts of interest.
EDAT- 2018/03/31 06:00
MHDA- 2018/03/31 06:01
PMCR- 2018/01/01
CRDT- 2018/03/31 06:00
PHST- 2018/03/31 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2018/03/31 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2018/03/31 06:01 [medline]
PHST- 2018/01/01 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - CCD-9-92 [pii]
AID - 10.4103/ccd.ccd_792_17 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Contemp Clin Dent. 2018 Jan-Mar;9(1):92-96. doi: 10.4103/ccd.ccd_792_17.