PMID- 29636093
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20180905
LR  - 20201209
IS  - 1297-9716 (Electronic)
IS  - 0928-4249 (Print)
IS  - 0928-4249 (Linking)
VI  - 49
IP  - 1
DP  - 2018 Apr 10
TI  - Counting the dead to determine the source and transmission of the marine 
      herpesvirus OsHV-1 in Crassostrea gigas.
PG  - 34
LID - 10.1186/s13567-018-0529-7 [doi]
LID - 34
AB  - Marine herpesviruses are responsible for epizootics in economically, ecologically 
      and culturally significant taxa. The recent emergence of microvariants of Ostreid 
      herpesvirus 1 (OsHV-1) in Pacific oysters Crassostrea gigas has resulted in 
      socioeconomic losses in Europe, New Zealand and Australia however, there is no 
      information on their origin or mode of transmission. These factors need to be 
      understood because they influence the way the disease may be prevented and 
      controlled. Mortality data obtained from experimental populations of C. gigas 
      during natural epizootics of OsHV-1 disease in Australia were analysed 
      qualitatively. In addition we compared actual mortality data with those from a 
      Reed-Frost model of direct transmission and analysed incubation periods using 
      Sartwell's method to test for the type of epizootic, point source or propagating. 
      We concluded that outbreaks were initiated from an unknown environmental source 
      which is unlikely to be farmed oysters in the same estuary. While direct 
      oyster-to-oyster transmission may occur in larger oysters if they are in close 
      proximity (< 40 cm), it did not explain the observed epizootics, point source 
      exposure and indirect transmission being more common and important. A conceptual 
      model is proposed for OsHV-1 index case source and transmission, leading to 
      endemicity with recurrent seasonal outbreaks. The findings suggest that 
      prevention and control of OsHV-1 in C. gigas will require multiple interventions. 
      OsHV-1 in C. gigas, which is a sedentary animal once beyond the larval stage, is 
      an informative model when considering marine host-herpesvirus relationships.
FAU - Whittington, Richard J
AU  - Whittington RJ
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3982-611X
AD  - School of Veterinary Science, University of Sydney, Camden, NSW, 2570, Australia. 
      richard.whittington@sydney.edu.au.
FAU - Paul-Pont, Ika
AU  - Paul-Pont I
AD  - School of Veterinary Science, University of Sydney, Camden, NSW, 2570, Australia.
AD  - Laboratoire des Sciences de l'Environnement Marin (LEMAR), UMR 6539 
      CNRS/UBO/IRD/IFREMER, Institut Universitaire Europeen de la Mer, Technopole 
      Brest-Iroise, 29280, Plouzane, France.
FAU - Evans, Olivia
AU  - Evans O
AD  - School of Veterinary Science, University of Sydney, Camden, NSW, 2570, Australia.
AD  - Department of Agriculture and Water Resources, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia.
FAU - Hick, Paul
AU  - Hick P
AD  - School of Veterinary Science, University of Sydney, Camden, NSW, 2570, Australia.
FAU - Dhand, Navneet K
AU  - Dhand NK
AD  - School of Veterinary Science, University of Sydney, Camden, NSW, 2570, Australia.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20180410
PL  - England
TA  - Vet Res
JT  - Veterinary research
JID - 9309551
RN  - Ostreid herpesvirus 1
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Australia
MH  - Crassostrea/*virology
MH  - DNA Viruses/*physiology
MH  - *Host-Pathogen Interactions
MH  - Models, Biological
PMC - PMC5891919
EDAT- 2018/04/11 06:00
MHDA- 2018/09/06 06:00
PMCR- 2018/04/10
CRDT- 2018/04/12 06:00
PHST- 2017/12/05 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2018/03/21 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2018/04/12 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2018/04/11 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2018/09/06 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2018/04/10 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 10.1186/s13567-018-0529-7 [pii]
AID - 529 [pii]
AID - 10.1186/s13567-018-0529-7 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Vet Res. 2018 Apr 10;49(1):34. doi: 10.1186/s13567-018-0529-7.