PMID- 29656370
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20191002
LR  - 20191002
IS  - 1557-1904 (Electronic)
IS  - 1557-1890 (Linking)
VI  - 13
IP  - 3
DP  - 2018 Sep
TI  - Role of Exosomes in Human Retroviral Mediated Disorders.
PG  - 279-291
LID - 10.1007/s11481-018-9784-7 [doi]
AB  - Retroviruses comprise an ancient and varied group of viruses with the unique 
      ability to integrate DNA from an RNA transcript into the genome, a subset of 
      which are able to integrate in humans. The timing of these integrations during 
      human history has dictated whether these viruses have remained exogenous and 
      given rise to various human diseases or have become inseparable from the host 
      genome (endogenous retroviruses). Given the ability of retroviruses to integrate 
      into the host and subsequently co-opt host cellular process for viral 
      propagation, retroviruses have been shown to be closely associated with several 
      cellular processes including exosome formation. Exosomes are 30-150 nm 
      unilamellar extracellular vesicles that originate from intraluminal vesicles 
      (ILVs) that form in the endosomal compartment. Exosomes have been shown to be 
      important in intercellular communication and immune cell function. Almost every 
      cell type studied has been shown to produce these types of vesicles, with the 
      cell type dictating the contents, which include proteins, mRNA, and miRNAs. 
      Importantly, recent evidence has shown that infection by viruses, including 
      retroviruses, alter the contents and subsequent function of produced exosomes. In 
      this review, we will discuss the important retroviruses associated with human 
      health and disease. Furthermore, we will delve into the impact of exosome 
      formation and manipulation by integrated retroviruses on human health, survival, 
      and human retroviral disease pathogenesis.
FAU - Anderson, Monique
AU  - Anderson M
AD  - National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, Neuroimmunology Branch, 
      Viral Immunology Section, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, 
      USA. andersonmr2@mail.nih.gov.
AD  - Department of Pathology, Molecular and Cellular Basis of Disease Graduate 
      Program, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, 22903, 
      USA. andersonmr2@mail.nih.gov.
FAU - Kashanchi, Fatah
AU  - Kashanchi F
AD  - National Center for Biodefense and Infectious Disease, Laboratory of Molecular 
      Virology, George Mason University, Manassas, VA, 20110, USA.
FAU - Jacobson, Steven
AU  - Jacobson S
AD  - National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, Neuroimmunology Branch, 
      Viral Immunology Section, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, 
      USA.
LA  - eng
GR  - T32 GM007267/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/United States
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
PT  - Review
DEP - 20180414
PL  - United States
TA  - J Neuroimmune Pharmacol
JT  - Journal of neuroimmune pharmacology : the official journal of the Society on 
      NeuroImmune Pharmacology
JID - 101256586
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Exosomes/*pathology
MH  - HIV Infections/pathology/virology
MH  - Humans
MH  - Retroviridae
MH  - Retroviridae Infections/*pathology/virology
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Endosomal sorting complexes required fro transport (ESCRT)
OT  - Exosomes
OT  - Human endogenous retroviruses (HERV)
OT  - Intraluminal vesicles (ILV)
OT  - Provirus
OT  - Retroviruses
OT  - Transposable element
EDAT- 2018/04/16 06:00
MHDA- 2019/10/03 06:00
CRDT- 2018/04/16 06:00
PHST- 2018/01/25 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2018/03/15 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2018/04/16 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2019/10/03 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2018/04/16 06:00 [entrez]
AID - 10.1007/s11481-018-9784-7 [pii]
AID - 10.1007/s11481-018-9784-7 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - J Neuroimmune Pharmacol. 2018 Sep;13(3):279-291. doi: 10.1007/s11481-018-9784-7. 
      Epub 2018 Apr 14.