PMID- 29660696
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20180926
LR  - 20221207
IS  - 1879-0046 (Electronic)
IS  - 0376-8716 (Linking)
VI  - 187
DP  - 2018 Jun 1
TI  - Investigating the correlation between wastewater analysis and roadside drug 
      testing in South Australia.
PG  - 123-126
LID - S0376-8716(18)30195-9 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2018.02.030 [doi]
AB  - BACKGROUND: The societal impact of drug use is well known. An example is when 
      drug-intoxicated drivers increase the burden on policing and healthcare services. 
      METHODS: This work presents the correlation of wastewater analysis (using 
      UHPLC-MS/MS) and positive roadside drug testing results for methamphetamine, 
      3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) and cannabis from December 2011-December 
      2016 in South Australia. RESULTS: Methamphetamine and MDMA showed similar trends 
      between the data sources with matching increases and decreases, respectively. 
      Cannabis was relatively steady based on wastewater analysis, but the roadside 
      drug testing data started to diverge in the final part of the measurement period. 
      CONCLUSIONS: The ability to triangulate data as shown here validates both 
      wastewater analysis and roadside drug testing. This suggests that changes in 
      overall population drug use revealed by WWA is consistent and proportional with 
      changes in drug-driving behaviours. The results show that, at higher levels of 
      drug use as measured by wastewater analysis, there is an increase in drug driving 
      in the community and therefore more strain on health services and police.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2018 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
FAU - Bade, Richard
AU  - Bade R
AD  - School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, University of South Australia, GPO Box 
      2471, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia.
FAU - Tscharke, Benjamin J
AU  - Tscharke BJ
AD  - School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, University of South Australia, GPO Box 
      2471, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia.
FAU - Longo, Marie
AU  - Longo M
AD  - Drug and Alcohol Services South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia.
FAU - Cooke, Richard
AU  - Cooke R
AD  - Drug and Alcohol Services South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia.
FAU - White, Jason M
AU  - White JM
AD  - School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, University of South Australia, GPO Box 
      2471, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia.
FAU - Gerber, Cobus
AU  - Gerber C
AD  - School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, University of South Australia, GPO Box 
      2471, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia. Electronic address: 
      cobus.gerber@unisa.edu.au.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20180410
PL  - Ireland
TA  - Drug Alcohol Depend
JT  - Drug and alcohol dependence
JID - 7513587
RN  - 0 (Cannabinoids)
RN  - 0 (Illicit Drugs)
RN  - 0 (Waste Water)
RN  - 44RAL3456C (Methamphetamine)
RN  - KE1SEN21RM (N-Methyl-3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine)
SB  - IM
MH  - Cannabinoids/analysis
MH  - Cannabis
MH  - Driving Under the Influence/*statistics & numerical data
MH  - Humans
MH  - Illicit Drugs/*analysis
MH  - Methamphetamine/analysis
MH  - N-Methyl-3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine/analysis
MH  - Police
MH  - Reproducibility of Results
MH  - South Australia/epidemiology
MH  - Substance Abuse Detection/*methods
MH  - Substance-Related Disorders/diagnosis/epidemiology
MH  - Tandem Mass Spectrometry
MH  - Wastewater/*analysis
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Australia
OT  - Illicit drugs
OT  - Roadside drug testing
OT  - Wastewater
EDAT- 2018/04/17 06:00
MHDA- 2018/09/27 06:00
CRDT- 2018/04/17 06:00
PHST- 2017/11/29 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2018/02/10 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2018/02/25 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2018/04/17 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2018/09/27 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2018/04/17 06:00 [entrez]
AID - S0376-8716(18)30195-9 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2018.02.030 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Drug Alcohol Depend. 2018 Jun 1;187:123-126. doi: 
      10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2018.02.030. Epub 2018 Apr 10.