PMID- 29679669
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20190114
LR  - 20190114
IS  - 1873-1597 (Electronic)
IS  - 1572-1000 (Linking)
VI  - 23
DP  - 2018 Sep
TI  - N-acetylcysteine protects against chorioretinal damage induced by photodynamic 
      therapy for experimental choroidal neovascularization in a rat model.
PG  - 12-17
LID - S1572-1000(18)30024-3 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2018.04.006 [doi]
AB  - PURPOSE: We explored the protective effects of N-acetylcysteine (NAC) on 
      chorioretinal damage induced by photodynamic therapy (PDT) in an experimental rat 
      model of choroidal neovascularization (CNV). METHODS: Experimental CNV was 
      induced by an argon laser in 24 Brown Norway rats 7 days prior to PDT. Commencing 
      1 day after CNV induction, 0.5 mL of NAC was orally administered daily to the 
      NAC + group (12 rats), and 0.5 mL of normal saline to the NAC- group (12 rats). 
      Diode laser treatment was delivered for 42 s (total energy, 25 J/cm2) to the left 
      eye prior to verteporfin infusion (PDT-) and to the right eye 15-20 min after 
      such infusion (PDT+). Fluorescein angiography was performed just prior to PDT and 
      enucleation to evaluate fluorescein leakage and CNV closure. We compared the CNV 
      thickness, PDT-induced apoptosis [evaluated via terminal dUTP nick-end labeling 
      (TUNEL)], fluorescein angiographic data, and extents of immunohistofluorescent 
      staining for cleaved caspase-3 and superoxide dismutase (SOD) between the two 
      groups. RESULTS: Fourteen days after diode laser treatment, the CNV closure rate 
      was significantly higher in the PDT-treated than the control group. However, the 
      CNV closure rates did not differ significantly between the NAC- and NAC + groups. 
      The TUNEL activity (a measure of PDT-induced apoptosis) of retinal cells was 
      higher in the NAC-/PDT + than the NAC+/PDT + group at 1, 3, 7, and 14 days. The 
      cleaved caspase-3 and SOD levels were higher in the NAC-/PDT + than the 
      NAC+/PDT + group at 3 and 7 days. CONCLUSIONS: PDT triggers oxygen 
      radical-induced injury to, and apoptosis in, the retina. NAC may reduce 
      PDT-induced damage to the retina without compromising the therapeutic efficacy of 
      CNV.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2018 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
FAU - Kim, Tae Wan
AU  - Kim TW
AD  - Department of Ophthalmology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 
      Seoul, South Korea; Rheumatology Institute and Research for Sensory Organs 
      Institute, Medical Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, South 
      Korea; Department of Ophthalmology, Seoul Metropolitan Government Seoul National 
      University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea.
FAU - Moon, Jun Woong
AU  - Moon JW
AD  - Department of Ophthalmology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 
      Seoul, South Korea; Gondduck Seoul Eye Clinic, Seoul, South Korea.
FAU - Yu, Hyeong Gon
AU  - Yu HG
AD  - Department of Ophthalmology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 
      Seoul, South Korea; Rheumatology Institute and Research for Sensory Organs 
      Institute, Medical Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, South 
      Korea. Electronic address: hgonyu@snu.ac.kr.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20180419
PL  - Netherlands
TA  - Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther
JT  - Photodiagnosis and photodynamic therapy
JID - 101226123
RN  - 0 (Photosensitizing Agents)
RN  - 0X9PA28K43 (Verteporfin)
RN  - WYQ7N0BPYC (Acetylcysteine)
SB  - IM
MH  - Acetylcysteine/*pharmacology
MH  - Animals
MH  - Choroidal Neovascularization/chemically induced/*prevention & control
MH  - Disease Models, Animal
MH  - Fluorescein Angiography
MH  - Lasers, Semiconductor
MH  - Photochemotherapy/*methods
MH  - Photosensitizing Agents/*adverse effects
MH  - Rats
MH  - Rats, Inbred BN
MH  - Verteporfin/*adverse effects
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - N-acetylcysteine (NAC)
OT  - Photodynamic therapy (PDT)
OT  - Superoxide dismutase (SOD)
OT  - Terminal dUTP nick-end labeling (TUNEL)
EDAT- 2018/04/22 06:00
MHDA- 2019/01/15 06:00
CRDT- 2018/04/22 06:00
PHST- 2018/01/23 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2018/03/18 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2018/04/13 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2018/04/22 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2019/01/15 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2018/04/22 06:00 [entrez]
AID - S1572-1000(18)30024-3 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2018.04.006 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther. 2018 Sep;23:12-17. doi: 
      10.1016/j.pdpdt.2018.04.006. Epub 2018 Apr 19.