PMID- 29705902
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20190422
LR  - 20190422
IS  - 1614-7499 (Electronic)
IS  - 0944-1344 (Linking)
VI  - 25
IP  - 17
DP  - 2018 Jun
TI  - Source characterization and risk of exposure to atmospheric polychlorinated 
      biphenyls (PCBs) in Ghana.
PG  - 16316-16324
LID - 10.1007/s11356-018-2090-3 [doi]
AB  - With recent evidence that persistent organic pollutants (POPs) such as 
      polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are emerging in environmental media in some 
      developing countries that otherwise have sparing production and usage history, it 
      has become important to identify such contemporary source factors of PCBs and the 
      risks this may pose, in line with the global consensus on POP management and 
      elimination. The present study investigated contaminations from atmospheric PCBs 
      in Ghana, deciphered source factors, and accessed risk of exposure to dioxin-like 
      PCBs (DL-PCBs). Atmospheric PCBs were monitored by deployment of PUF-disk passive 
      air samplers (PAS) at several sites across Ghana for 56 days. Atmospheric 
       summation operator(190)PCB concentration in Ghana ranged from 0.28 ng/m(3) in Kumasi to 
      4.64 ng/m(3) at Agbogbloshie, a suburb in Accra noted for informal electronic 
      waste (e-waste) recycling activities. As high as 11.10 ng/m(3) of PCB 
      concentration was measured in plumes from uncontrolled open burning of e-wastes 
      at Agbogbloshie. Applying statistical source characterization tools, it emerged 
      that e-wastes were a major contributor to the environmental burden of atmospheric 
      PCBs in Ghana. The risk of DL-PCB toxicity via inhalation in the Agbogbloshie 
      area was 4.2 pg TEQ/day, within similar order of magnitude of an estimated risk 
      of 3.85 pg TEQ/day faced by e-waste workers working averagely for 8 h per day. It 
      is suggested that elimination of e-waste sites would help to significantly reduce 
      PCB-related toxicity issues in Ghana. Graphical abstract ᅟ.
FAU - Hogarh, Jonathan N
AU  - Hogarh JN
AD  - Department of Environmental Science, College of Science, Kwame Nkrumah University 
      of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana. jhogarh@gmail.com.
AD  - Faculty of Environment and Information Sciences, Yokohama National University, 
      79-7 Tokiwadai, Hodogaya-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 240-8501, Japan. 
      jhogarh@gmail.com.
FAU - Seike, Nobuyasu
AU  - Seike N
AD  - Division of Hazardous Chemicals, Institute for Agro-Environmental Sciences, 
      National Agriculture and Food Research Organization (NARO), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 
      305-8604, Japan.
FAU - Kobara, Yuso
AU  - Kobara Y
AD  - Division of Hazardous Chemicals, Institute for Agro-Environmental Sciences, 
      National Agriculture and Food Research Organization (NARO), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 
      305-8604, Japan.
FAU - Carboo, Derick
AU  - Carboo D
AD  - Department of Chemistry, University of Ghana, P.O. Box 56, Legon, Ghana.
FAU - Fobil, Julius N
AU  - Fobil JN
AD  - Department of Biological, Environmental & Occupational Health Sciences, School of 
      Public Health, University of Ghana, Legon, Ghana.
FAU - Masunaga, Shigeki
AU  - Masunaga S
AD  - Faculty of Environment and Information Sciences, Yokohama National University, 
      79-7 Tokiwadai, Hodogaya-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 240-8501, Japan.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20180429
PL  - Germany
TA  - Environ Sci Pollut Res Int
JT  - Environmental science and pollution research international
JID - 9441769
RN  - 0 (Dioxins)
RN  - 0 (Environmental Pollutants)
RN  - DFC2HB4I0K (Polychlorinated Biphenyls)
SB  - IM
MH  - Dioxins/*analysis/chemistry
MH  - Environmental Pollutants
MH  - Ghana
MH  - Humans
MH  - Polychlorinated Biphenyls/*analysis/chemistry
MH  - Recycling
MH  - Risk
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Agbogbloshie
OT  - Dioxin-like toxicity
OT  - E-wastes
OT  - Persistent organic pollutants
OT  - Polychlorinated biphenyls
EDAT- 2018/05/01 06:00
MHDA- 2019/04/23 06:00
CRDT- 2018/04/30 06:00
PHST- 2017/12/05 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2018/04/20 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2018/05/01 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2019/04/23 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2018/04/30 06:00 [entrez]
AID - 10.1007/s11356-018-2090-3 [pii]
AID - 10.1007/s11356-018-2090-3 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2018 Jun;25(17):16316-16324. doi: 
      10.1007/s11356-018-2090-3. Epub 2018 Apr 29.