PMID- 29726837
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20190906
LR  - 20190906
IS  - 1361-6528 (Electronic)
IS  - 0957-4484 (Linking)
VI  - 29
IP  - 30
DP  - 2018 Jul 27
TI  - Fracture resistant, antibiofilm adherent, self-assembled PMMA/ZnO 
      nanoformulations for biomedical applications: physico-chemical and biological 
      perspectives of nano reinforcement.
PG  - 305704
LID - 10.1088/1361-6528/aac296 [doi]
AB  - Antimicrobial, antibiofilm adherent, fracture resistant nano zinc oxide (ZnO NP) 
      formulations based on poly methyl methacrylate (PMMA) matrix were developed using 
      a facile ex situ compression moulding technique. These formulations demonstrated 
      potent, long-term biofilm-resisting effects against Candida albicans (9000 CFU to 
      1000 CFU) and Streptococcus mutans. Proposed mechanism of biofilm resistance was 
      the release of metallic ions/metal oxide by 'particle-corrosion'. MTT and 
      cellular proliferation assays confirmed both qualitatively and quantitatively 
      equal human skin fibroblast cell line proliferations (approximately 75%) on both 
      PMMA/ZnO formulation and neat PMMA. Mechanical performance was evaluated over a 
      range of filler loading, and theoretical models derived from Einstein, Guth, 
      Thomas and Quemade were chosen to predict the modulus of the nanoformulations. 
      All the models gave better fitting at lower filler content, which could be due to 
      restricted mobility of the polymer chains by the constrained zone/interfacial 
      rigid amorphous zone and also due to stress absorption by the highly energized 
      NPs. Fracture mechanics were clearly described based on substantial experimental 
      evidence surrounding crack prevention in the initial zones of fracture. 
      Filler-polymer interactions at the morphological and structural levels were 
      elucidated through FTIR, XRD, SEM, TEM and AFM analyses. Major clinical 
      challenges in cancer patient rehabilitation and routine denture therapy are 
      frequent breakage of the prostheses and microbial colonization on the 
      prostheses/tissues. In the present study, we succeeded in developing an 
      antimicrobial, mechanically improved fracture resistant, biocompatible 
      nanoformulation in a facile manner without the bio-toxic effects of surface 
      modifiers/functionalization. This PMMA/ZnO nanoformulation could serve as a cost 
      effective breakthrough biomaterial in the field of prosthetic rehabilitation and 
      local drug delivery scaffolds for abused tissues.
FAU - Raj, Indu
AU  - Raj I
AD  - International and Inter University Centre for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, 
      Mahatma Gandhi University, Kottayam 686560, Kerala, India. Department of 
      Prosthodontics, Government Dental College, Kottayam, Kerala, India.
FAU - Mozetic, Miran
AU  - Mozetic M
FAU - Jayachandran, V P
AU  - Jayachandran VP
FAU - Jose, Jiya
AU  - Jose J
FAU - Thomas, Sabu
AU  - Thomas S
FAU - Kalarikkal, Nandakumar
AU  - Kalarikkal N
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20180504
PL  - England
TA  - Nanotechnology
JT  - Nanotechnology
JID - 101241272
RN  - 9011-14-7 (Polymethyl Methacrylate)
RN  - SOI2LOH54Z (Zinc Oxide)
SB  - IM
MH  - Biofilms/*drug effects
MH  - Candida albicans/drug effects
MH  - Cell Proliferation/drug effects
MH  - Hardness
MH  - Humans
MH  - Nanoparticles/*chemistry/ultrastructure
MH  - Polymethyl Methacrylate/chemistry/*pharmacology
MH  - Sonication
MH  - Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared
MH  - Streptococcus mutans/drug effects/physiology
MH  - Tensile Strength
MH  - Zinc Oxide/*pharmacology
EDAT- 2018/05/05 06:00
MHDA- 2019/09/07 06:00
CRDT- 2018/05/05 06:00
PHST- 2018/05/05 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2019/09/07 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2018/05/05 06:00 [entrez]
AID - 10.1088/1361-6528/aac296 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Nanotechnology. 2018 Jul 27;29(30):305704. doi: 10.1088/1361-6528/aac296. Epub 
      2018 May 4.