PMID- 29737479 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20181015 LR - 20211204 IS - 1573-6903 (Electronic) IS - 0364-3190 (Linking) VI - 43 IP - 6 DP - 2018 Jun TI - Locomotor Treadmill Training Promotes Soleus Trophism by Mammalian Target of Rapamycin Pathway in Paraplegic Rats. PG - 1258-1268 LID - 10.1007/s11064-018-2543-6 [doi] AB - Assisted-treadmill training, may be helpful in promoting muscle mass preservation after incomplete spinal cord injury (SCI). However, biological mechanism involved in this process is still not fully understood. This study investigated the effects of locomotor treadmill training on muscle trophism mediated by protein kinase B (Akt)/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR)/p70 ribosomal protein S6 kinase (p70S6K) in paraplegic rats. Adult female Wistar rats underwent an incomplete thoracic SCI induced by compression using an aneurysm clip. After 7 days, injured animals started a 3-week locomotor treadmill training with body weight-support and manual step help. Soleus trophism was measured by muscle weight and transverse myofiber cross-sectional area (CSA). An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and western blot analysis were used to detect brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), tropomyosin-related kinase B (TrkB), Akt, mTOR and p70S6K in paretic soleus. Trained animals did not show locomotor improved, but present an increase in muscle weight and myofiber CSA. Furthermore, the levels of Akt, p70S6K phosphorylation, mTOR and TrkB receptor were increased by training in soleus. In contrast, muscle BDNF levels were significantly reduced after training. The results suggest locomotor treadmill training partially reverts/prevents soleus muscle hypotrophy in rats with SCI. Furthermore, this study provided the first evidence that morphological muscle changes were caused by Akt/mTOR/p70S6K signaling pathway and TrkB up-regulation, which may increase the sensitivity of muscle, reducing autocrine signaling pathway demand of BDNF for cell growth. FAU - do Espirito Santo, Caroline Cunha AU - do Espirito Santo CC AD - Programa de Pos-graduacao em Fisioterapia, Centro de Ciencias da Saude e do Esporte (CEFID), Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Florianopolis, SC, Brazil. AD - Nucleo de Pesquisa em Lesao Medular (NULEME), Laboratorio de Pesquisa Experimental (LAPEx), Departamento de Fisioterapia, CEFID, UDESC, Florianopolis, SC, Brazil. AD - Programa de Pos-Graduacao em Neurociencias, Laboratorio de Neurobiologia da Dor e da Inflamacao (LANDI), Departamento de Ciencias Fisiologicas, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianopolis, SC, Brazil. FAU - Secco, Daniela Dal AU - Secco DD AD - Programa de Pos-Graduacao em Neurociencias, Laboratorio de Neurobiologia da Dor e da Inflamacao (LANDI), Departamento de Ciencias Fisiologicas, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianopolis, SC, Brazil. FAU - Meireles, Anamaria AU - Meireles A AD - Programa de Pos-graduacao em Fisioterapia, Centro de Ciencias da Saude e do Esporte (CEFID), Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Florianopolis, SC, Brazil. AD - Nucleo de Pesquisa em Lesao Medular (NULEME), Laboratorio de Pesquisa Experimental (LAPEx), Departamento de Fisioterapia, CEFID, UDESC, Florianopolis, SC, Brazil. FAU - de Freitas, Gabriel Ribeiro AU - de Freitas GR AD - Programa de Pos-graduacao em Fisioterapia, Centro de Ciencias da Saude e do Esporte (CEFID), Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Florianopolis, SC, Brazil. AD - Nucleo de Pesquisa em Lesao Medular (NULEME), Laboratorio de Pesquisa Experimental (LAPEx), Departamento de Fisioterapia, CEFID, UDESC, Florianopolis, SC, Brazil. FAU - Bobinski, Franciane AU - Bobinski F AD - Nucleo de Pesquisa em Lesao Medular (NULEME), Laboratorio de Pesquisa Experimental (LAPEx), Departamento de Fisioterapia, CEFID, UDESC, Florianopolis, SC, Brazil. AD - Programa de Pos-Graduacao em Ciencias da Saude, Universidade do Sul de Santa Catarina (UNISUL), Palhoca, SC, Brazil. AD - Programa de Pos-Graduacao em Neurociencias, Laboratorio de Neurobiologia da Dor e da Inflamacao (LANDI), Departamento de Ciencias Fisiologicas, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianopolis, SC, Brazil. FAU - Cunha, Mauricio Pena AU - Cunha MP AD - Laboratorio de Neurobiologia da Depressao, Departamento de Bioquimica, UFSC, Florianopolis, SC, Brazil. FAU - Rodrigues, Ana Lucia Severo AU - Rodrigues ALS AD - Laboratorio de Neurobiologia da Depressao, Departamento de Bioquimica, UFSC, Florianopolis, SC, Brazil. FAU - Swarowsky, Alessandra AU - Swarowsky A AD - Programa de Pos-graduacao em Fisioterapia, Centro de Ciencias da Saude e do Esporte (CEFID), Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Florianopolis, SC, Brazil. AD - Nucleo de Pesquisa em Lesao Medular (NULEME), Laboratorio de Pesquisa Experimental (LAPEx), Departamento de Fisioterapia, CEFID, UDESC, Florianopolis, SC, Brazil. FAU - Santos, Adair Roberto Soares AU - Santos ARS AD - Programa de Pos-Graduacao em Neurociencias, Laboratorio de Neurobiologia da Dor e da Inflamacao (LANDI), Departamento de Ciencias Fisiologicas, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianopolis, SC, Brazil. FAU - Ilha, Jocemar AU - Ilha J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6300-4696 AD - Programa de Pos-graduacao em Fisioterapia, Centro de Ciencias da Saude e do Esporte (CEFID), Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Florianopolis, SC, Brazil. jocemar.ilha@udesc.br. AD - Nucleo de Pesquisa em Lesao Medular (NULEME), Laboratorio de Pesquisa Experimental (LAPEx), Departamento de Fisioterapia, CEFID, UDESC, Florianopolis, SC, Brazil. jocemar.ilha@udesc.br. LA - eng GR - TO 2013TR003379/Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa e Inovacao do Estado de Santa Catarina/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20180508 PL - United States TA - Neurochem Res JT - Neurochemical research JID - 7613461 RN - EC 2.7.1.1 (mTOR protein, rat) RN - EC 2.7.11.1 (TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases) SB - IM MH - Animals MH - Exercise Test/*methods MH - Female MH - Locomotion/*physiology MH - Muscle, Skeletal/*metabolism/pathology MH - Muscular Atrophy/*metabolism/pathology/prevention & control MH - Paraplegia/*metabolism/pathology/rehabilitation MH - Rats MH - Rats, Wistar MH - TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases/*biosynthesis OTO - NOTNLM OT - Exercise training OT - Muscular atrophy OT - Neurological rehabilitation OT - Protein synthesis OT - Spinal cord injury OT - Treadmill locomotor training EDAT- 2018/05/09 06:00 MHDA- 2018/10/16 06:00 CRDT- 2018/05/09 06:00 PHST- 2017/05/01 00:00 [received] PHST- 2018/05/02 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2018/03/07 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2018/05/09 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2018/10/16 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2018/05/09 06:00 [entrez] AID - 10.1007/s11064-018-2543-6 [pii] AID - 10.1007/s11064-018-2543-6 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Neurochem Res. 2018 Jun;43(6):1258-1268. doi: 10.1007/s11064-018-2543-6. Epub 2018 May 8.