PMID- 29743527
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20191009
LR  - 20191010
IS  - 2045-2322 (Electronic)
IS  - 2045-2322 (Linking)
VI  - 8
IP  - 1
DP  - 2018 May 9
TI  - Unravelling the secret of seed-based gels in water: the nanoscale 3D network 
      formation.
PG  - 7315
LID - 10.1038/s41598-018-25691-3 [doi]
LID - 7315
AB  - Chia (Salvia hispanica) and basil (Ocimum basilicum) seeds have the intrinsic 
      ability to form a hydrogel concomitant with moisture-retention, slow releasing 
      capability and proposed health benefits such as curbing diabetes and obesity by 
      delaying digestion process. However, the underlying mode of gelation at 
      nanoscopic level is not clearly explained or explored. The present study 
      elucidates and corroborates the hypothesis that the gelling behavior of such 
      seeds is due to their nanoscale 3D-network formation. The preliminary study 
      revealed the influence of several conditions like polarity, pH and 
      hydrophilicity/hydrophobicity on fiber extrusion from the seeds which leads to 
      gelation. Optical microscopic analysis clearly demonstrated bundles of fibers 
      emanating from the seed coat while in contact with water, and live growth of 
      fibers to form 3D network. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) and transmission 
      electron microscope (TEM) studies confirmed 3D network formation with fiber 
      diameters ranging from 20 to 50 nm.
FAU - Samateh, Malick
AU  - Samateh M
AD  - Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry & Center for Discovery and Innovation 
      (CDI), The City College of New York, New York, NY, 10031, USA.
AD  - Ph.D. Program in Chemistry, The Graduate Center of the City University of New 
      York, New York, NY, 10016, USA.
FAU - Pottackal, Neethu
AU  - Pottackal N
AD  - Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry & Center for Discovery and Innovation 
      (CDI), The City College of New York, New York, NY, 10031, USA.
FAU - Manafirasi, Setareh
AU  - Manafirasi S
AD  - Department of Chemical Engineering, The City College of New York, New York, NY, 
      10031, USA.
FAU - Vidyasagar, Adiyala
AU  - Vidyasagar A
AD  - Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry & Center for Discovery and Innovation 
      (CDI), The City College of New York, New York, NY, 10031, USA.
FAU - Maldarelli, Charles
AU  - Maldarelli C
AD  - Department of Chemical Engineering, The City College of New York, New York, NY, 
      10031, USA.
FAU - John, George
AU  - John G
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0382-1256
AD  - Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry & Center for Discovery and Innovation 
      (CDI), The City College of New York, New York, NY, 10031, USA. 
      gjohn@ccny.cuny.edu.
AD  - Ph.D. Program in Chemistry, The Graduate Center of the City University of New 
      York, New York, NY, 10016, USA. gjohn@ccny.cuny.edu.
LA  - eng
GR  - R25 GM056833/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/United States
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
PT  - Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
DEP - 20180509
PL  - England
TA  - Sci Rep
JT  - Scientific reports
JID - 101563288
RN  - 0 (Gels)
RN  - 059QF0KO0R (Water)
SB  - IM
MH  - Gels
MH  - Ocimum basilicum
MH  - Salvia
MH  - Seeds/*chemistry
MH  - Water/*chemistry
PMC - PMC5943253
COIS- The authors declare no competing interests.
EDAT- 2018/05/11 06:00
MHDA- 2019/10/11 06:00
PMCR- 2018/05/09
CRDT- 2018/05/11 06:00
PHST- 2018/02/15 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2018/04/24 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2018/05/11 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2018/05/11 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2019/10/11 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2018/05/09 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 10.1038/s41598-018-25691-3 [pii]
AID - 25691 [pii]
AID - 10.1038/s41598-018-25691-3 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Sci Rep. 2018 May 9;8(1):7315. doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-25691-3.