PMID- 29795368
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20190401
LR  - 20190401
IS  - 2044-4052 (Electronic)
IS  - 2044-4052 (Linking)
VI  - 8
IP  - 1
DP  - 2018 May 25
TI  - Plant sterols lower LDL-cholesterol and triglycerides in dyslipidemic individuals 
      with or at risk of developing type 2 diabetes; a randomized, double-blind, 
      placebo-controlled study.
PG  - 30
LID - 10.1038/s41387-018-0039-8 [doi]
LID - 30
AB  - BACKGROUND: Managing cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors, e.g., 
      dyslipidemia in type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is critically important as CVD is 
      the most common cause of death in T2DM patients. This study aimed to investigate 
      the effect of plant sterols (PS) on lowering both elevated low-density 
      lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and triglycerides (TG). METHODS: In a 
      double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, parallel study, 161 individuals at 
      increased risk of and with established T2DM, consumed low-fat spreads without or 
      with added PS (2 g/d) for 6 weeks after a 2-week run-in period. Increased risk of 
      developing T2DM was defined by the Australian T2DM Risk Assessment Tool 
      (AUSDRISK). Fasting serum/plasma total cholesterol (TC), LDL-C, TG, high-density 
      lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), glucose and insulin were measured at baseline 
      and after 6 weeks. Effects on acute and chronic postprandial blood lipids, 
      glucose and insulin were measured over 4-h in 39 individuals with T2DM following 
      a mixed meal challenge without and with added 2 g/d PS at week 6. The study was 
      registered at clinicaltrials.gov (NCT02288585). RESULTS: Hundred fifty-one 
      individuals completed the study and 138 (57% men, 43% women; 44 with and 94 at 
      risk of T2DM) were included in per protocol analysis. Baseline LDL-C and TG were 
      3.8 +/- 1.0 and 2.5 +/- 0.8 mmol/l, respectively. PS intake significantly lowered 
      fasting LDL-C (-4.6%, 95%CI -1.2; -8.0; p = 0.009), TC (-4.2%, 95%CI -1.2; -7.1; 
      p = 0.006) and TG (-8.3%, 95% -1.1, -15.0; p = 0.024) with no significant changes 
      in HDL-C, glucose or insulin. Postprandial lipid (TG, TC, LDL-C, HDL-C, remnant 
      cholesterol), glucose and insulin responses did not differ. CONCLUSIONS: In 
      individuals at risk of and with established T2DM and with elevated TG and LDL-C, 
      2 g/d of PS results in dual LDL-C plus TG lowering. Postprandial lipid or 
      glycemic responses did not differ between PS and control treatment.
FAU - Trautwein, Elke A
AU  - Trautwein EA
AD  - Unilever R&D, Vlaardingen, The Netherlands. elke.trautwein@unilever.com.
FAU - Koppenol, Wieneke P
AU  - Koppenol WP
AD  - Unilever R&D, Vlaardingen, The Netherlands.
FAU - de Jong, Arienne
AU  - de Jong A
AD  - Unilever R&D, Vlaardingen, The Netherlands.
FAU - Hiemstra, Harry
AU  - Hiemstra H
AD  - Unilever R&D, Vlaardingen, The Netherlands.
FAU - Vermeer, Mario A
AU  - Vermeer MA
AD  - Unilever R&D, Vlaardingen, The Netherlands.
FAU - Noakes, Manny
AU  - Noakes M
AD  - Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), Health and 
      Biosecurity, Adelaide, Australia.
FAU - Luscombe-Marsh, Natalie D
AU  - Luscombe-Marsh ND
AD  - Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), Health and 
      Biosecurity, Adelaide, Australia.
LA  - eng
SI  - ClinicalTrials.gov/NCT02288585
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Randomized Controlled Trial
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20180525
PL  - England
TA  - Nutr Diabetes
JT  - Nutrition & diabetes
JID - 101566341
RN  - 0 (Blood Glucose)
RN  - 0 (Cholesterol, LDL)
RN  - 0 (Insulin)
RN  - 0 (Phytosterols)
RN  - 0 (Triglycerides)
SB  - IM
MH  - Adult
MH  - Australia
MH  - Blood Glucose
MH  - Cholesterol, LDL/*blood
MH  - Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/*blood
MH  - Double-Blind Method
MH  - Dyslipidemias/blood/*diet therapy
MH  - Female
MH  - Humans
MH  - Insulin/blood
MH  - Male
MH  - Middle Aged
MH  - Phytosterols
MH  - Risk Assessment
MH  - Treatment Outcome
MH  - Triglycerides/*blood
PMC - PMC5968034
COIS- This study was funded by Unilever BCS R&D, Vlaardingen, the Netherlands. E.A.T., 
      W.P.K., A.dJ. (at the time of study conduct), H.H. and M.A.V. are employed by 
      Unilever R&D. Unilever markets food products with added plant sterols. M.N. and 
      N.D.L-M. are employed by CSIRO and declare no conflict of interest.
EDAT- 2018/05/26 06:00
MHDA- 2019/04/02 06:00
PMCR- 2018/05/25
CRDT- 2018/05/26 06:00
PHST- 2018/02/07 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2018/04/05 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2018/03/15 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2018/05/26 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2018/05/26 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2019/04/02 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2018/05/25 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 10.1038/s41387-018-0039-8 [pii]
AID - 39 [pii]
AID - 10.1038/s41387-018-0039-8 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Nutr Diabetes. 2018 May 25;8(1):30. doi: 10.1038/s41387-018-0039-8.