PMID- 29796230
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
LR  - 20220331
IS  - 2008-3866 (Print)
IS  - 2008-3874 (Electronic)
IS  - 2008-3866 (Linking)
VI  - 21
IP  - 4
DP  - 2018 Apr
TI  - The effects of vitamin B(12) on the brain damages caused by methamphetamine in 
      mice.
PG  - 434-438
LID - 10.22038/IJBMS.2018.23362.5897 [doi]
AB  - OBJECTIVES: Methamphetamine (METH) is a powerful stimulant drug that directly 
      affects the brain and induces neurological deficits. B(12) is a water-soluble 
      vitamin (vit) that is reported to attenuate neuronal degeneration. The goal of 
      the present study is to investigate the effect of vitamin B(12) on METH's 
      neurodegenerative changes. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Two groups of 6 animals 
      received METH (10 mg/kg, interaperitoneally (IP)) four times with a 2 hr 
      interval. Thirty mins before METH administration, vit B12 (1 mg/kg) or normal 
      saline were injected IP. Animals were sacrificed 3 days after the last 
      administration. Caspase proteins levels were measured by Western blotting. Also, 
      samples were examined by TUNEL assay to detect the presence of DNA fragmentation. 
      Reduced glutathione (GSH) was also determined by the Ellman method. RESULTS: The 
      pathological findings showed that vit B(12) attenuates the gliosis induced by 
      METH. Vit B(12) administration also significantly decreased the apoptotic index 
      in the striatum and the cerebral cortex (P<0.001). It also reduced caspase 
      markers compared to the control (P<0.01 and P<0.001, respectively). 
      Interestingly, co-administration of METH and Vit B(12) elevates the levels of GSH 
      in both regions of the brain and returned it to normal levels compared to the 
      METH group. CONCLUSION: The current study suggests that parenteral vit B(12) at 
      safe doses may be a promising treatment for METH-induced brain damage via 
      inhibition of neuron apoptosis and increasing the reduced GSH level. Research 
      focusing on the mechanisms involved in the protective responses of vit B(12) can 
      be helpful in providing a novel therapeutic agent against METH-induced 
      neurotoxicity.
FAU - Moshiri, Mohammad
AU  - Moshiri M
AD  - Medical Toxicology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, 
      Mashhad, Iran.
FAU - Hosseiniyan, Seyed Mojtaba
AU  - Hosseiniyan SM
AD  - Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Islamic Azad University, Shahreza 
      Branch, Shahreza, Iran.
FAU - Moallem, Seyed Adel
AU  - Moallem SA
AD  - Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad 
      University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
AD  - Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ahl 
      Al Bayt, Karbala, Iraq.
FAU - Hadizadeh, Farzin
AU  - Hadizadeh F
AD  - Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad 
      University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
AD  - Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of 
      Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
FAU - Jafarian, Amir Hossein
AU  - Jafarian AH
AD  - Cancer Molecular Pathology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical 
      Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
FAU - Ghadiri, Ameneh
AU  - Ghadiri A
AD  - Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Islamic Azad University, Shahreza 
      Branch, Shahreza, Iran.
FAU - Hoseini, Toktam
AU  - Hoseini T
AD  - Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad 
      University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
FAU - Seifi, Mahmoud
AU  - Seifi M
AD  - Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad 
      University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
FAU - Etemad, Leila
AU  - Etemad L
AD  - Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad 
      University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PL  - Iran
TA  - Iran J Basic Med Sci
JT  - Iranian journal of basic medical sciences
JID - 101517966
PMC - PMC5960763
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Cerebral cortex Methamphetamine Neurotoxicity
OT  - Striatum
OT  - Vitamin B12
EDAT- 2018/05/26 06:00
MHDA- 2018/05/26 06:01
PMCR- 2018/04/01
CRDT- 2018/05/26 06:00
PHST- 2018/05/26 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2018/05/26 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2018/05/26 06:01 [medline]
PHST- 2018/04/01 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - IJBMS-21-434 [pii]
AID - 10.22038/IJBMS.2018.23362.5897 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Iran J Basic Med Sci. 2018 Apr;21(4):434-438. doi: 
      10.22038/IJBMS.2018.23362.5897.