PMID- 29802469
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20180803
LR  - 20181114
IS  - 1432-2307 (Electronic)
IS  - 0945-6317 (Linking)
VI  - 473
IP  - 2
DP  - 2018 Aug
TI  - X chromosome gain is related to increased androgen receptor expression in male 
      breast cancer.
PG  - 155-163
LID - 10.1007/s00428-018-2377-2 [doi]
AB  - X chromosome gain has been previously described in male breast cancer (MBC). 
      Androgen receptor (AR) gene is located on X chromosome. The aim of this study was 
      to investigate the role of the X chromosome gain in the development of MBC and 
      its relation with AR gene copy number and expression.The X chromosome status was 
      assessed in 66 cases of male invasive and in situ duct breast carcinoma, in 34 
      cases of gynecomastia associated with cancer, and in 11 cases of tumor-free 
      gynecomastia. Cases were tested by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) to 
      assess the X chromosome status and AR amplification. AR expression was studied by 
      immunohistochemistry (IHC). In addition, AR methylation status was assessed.X 
      chromosome gain was observed in 74.7% of invasive duct carcinoma, in 20.6% of in 
      situ duct carcinoma, and in 14.6% of gynecomastia when associated with cancer, 
      while all cases of tumor-free gynecomastia showed wild X chromosome asset. AR 
      gene copy number when increased paralleled the number of X chromosomes. AR IHC 
      expression was observed in 100% of MBC tested. AR gene methylation status 
      revealed low level or absence of methylation.These data suggest that X chromosome 
      can play a role in the neoplastic transformation of male breast epithelium. X 
      chromosome gain is paralleled by AR gene polysomy. Polysomic AR genes show low 
      methylation levels and high AR protein expression on IHC. These data should be 
      taken into consideration for MBC treatment planning.
FAU - Di Oto, Enrico
AU  - Di Oto E
AD  - Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Unit of 
      Anatomic Pathology "M. Malpighi", Bellaria Hospital, Via Altura, 3, 40139, 
      Bologna, Italy.
FAU - Biserni, Giovanni B
AU  - Biserni GB
AD  - Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Unit of 
      Anatomic Pathology "M. Malpighi", Bellaria Hospital, Via Altura, 3, 40139, 
      Bologna, Italy.
FAU - Varga, Zsuzsanna
AU  - Varga Z
AD  - Institute of Pathology and Molecular Pathology, University Hospital Zurich, 
      Zurich, Switzerland.
FAU - Morandi, Luca
AU  - Morandi L
AD  - Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Unit of 
      Anatomic Pathology "M. Malpighi", Bellaria Hospital, Via Altura, 3, 40139, 
      Bologna, Italy.
FAU - Cucchi, Maria C
AU  - Cucchi MC
AD  - Unit of Breast Surgery, Department of Oncology, AUSL Bologna, Bellaria Hospital, 
      Bologna, Italy.
FAU - Masetti, Riccardo
AU  - Masetti R
AD  - Multidisciplinary Breast Center, Catholic University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
FAU - Foschini, Maria P
AU  - Foschini MP
AD  - Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Unit of 
      Anatomic Pathology "M. Malpighi", Bellaria Hospital, Via Altura, 3, 40139, 
      Bologna, Italy. mariapia.foschini@unibo.it.
LA  - eng
GR  - Fundamentally Oriented Funds for Research - RFO/Universita di Bologna/
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20180525
PL  - Germany
TA  - Virchows Arch
JT  - Virchows Archiv : an international journal of pathology
JID - 9423843
RN  - 0 (AR protein, human)
RN  - 0 (Receptors, Androgen)
SB  - IM
MH  - Adult
MH  - Aged
MH  - Aged, 80 and over
MH  - Breast Neoplasms, Male/*genetics/metabolism
MH  - Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/*genetics/metabolism
MH  - Chromosomes, Human, X/genetics
MH  - Gene Amplification
MH  - Genes, X-Linked/*genetics
MH  - Humans
MH  - Male
MH  - Middle Aged
MH  - Receptors, Androgen/biosynthesis/*genetics
MH  - *Sex Chromosome Aberrations
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Androgen receptor
OT  - FISH
OT  - Genetic marker
OT  - Invasive ductal carcinoma
OT  - Male breast cancer
OT  - X chromosome
EDAT- 2018/05/29 06:00
MHDA- 2018/08/04 06:00
CRDT- 2018/05/27 06:00
PHST- 2018/01/22 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2018/05/11 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2018/05/10 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2018/05/29 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2018/08/04 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2018/05/27 06:00 [entrez]
AID - 10.1007/s00428-018-2377-2 [pii]
AID - 10.1007/s00428-018-2377-2 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Virchows Arch. 2018 Aug;473(2):155-163. doi: 10.1007/s00428-018-2377-2. Epub 2018 
      May 25.