PMID- 29807101
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20181102
LR  - 20220410
IS  - 1872-8227 (Electronic)
IS  - 0168-8227 (Linking)
VI  - 143
DP  - 2018 Sep
TI  - Metformin in cancer.
PG  - 409-419
LID - S0168-8227(17)31410-9 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.diabres.2018.05.023 [doi]
AB  - Metformin is a lipophilic biguanide which inhibits hepatic gluconeogenesis and 
      improves peripheral utilization of glucose. It is the first line pharmacotherapy 
      for glucose control in patients with Type 2 diabetes due to its safety, efficacy 
      and tolerability. Metformin exhibits pleotropic effects, which may have 
      beneficial effects on a variety of tissues independent of glucose control. A 
      potential anti-tumourigenic effect of metformin may be mediated by its role in 
      activating AMP-kinase, which in turn inhibits mammalian target of rapamycin 
      (mTOR). Non-AMPK dependent protective pathways may include reduction of insulin, 
      insulin-like growth factor-1, leptin, inflammatory pathways and potentiation of 
      adiponectin, all of which may have a role in tumourigenesis. A role in inhibiting 
      cancer stem cells is also postulated. A number of large scale observational and 
      cohort studies suggest metformin is associated with a reduced risk of a number of 
      cancers, although the data is not conclusive. Recent randomised studies reporting 
      use of metformin in treatment of cancer have revealed mixed results, and the 
      results of much larger randomised trials of metformin as an adjuvant therapy in 
      breast and colorectal cancers are awaited.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2018 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
FAU - Mallik, Ritwika
AU  - Mallik R
AD  - (a)International Training Fellow in Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of 
      Diabetes and Metabolism, Barts Health NHS Trust, London, UK.
FAU - Chowdhury, Tahseen A
AU  - Chowdhury TA
AD  - Department of Diabetes and Metabolism, Barts and the London School of Medicine 
      and Dentistry, London, UK. Electronic address: 
      Tahseen.Chowdhury@bartshealth.nhs.uk.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Review
DEP - 20180526
PL  - Ireland
TA  - Diabetes Res Clin Pract
JT  - Diabetes research and clinical practice
JID - 8508335
RN  - 0 (Hypoglycemic Agents)
RN  - 9100L32L2N (Metformin)
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/*drug therapy
MH  - Female
MH  - Humans
MH  - Hypoglycemic Agents/pharmacology/*therapeutic use
MH  - Metformin/pharmacology/*therapeutic use
MH  - Neoplasms/*drug therapy/pathology
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - AMP-kinase
OT  - Cancer
OT  - Mammalian target of rapamycin
OT  - Metformin
EDAT- 2018/05/29 06:00
MHDA- 2018/11/06 06:00
CRDT- 2018/05/29 06:00
PHST- 2017/09/07 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2018/03/27 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2018/05/14 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2018/05/29 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2018/11/06 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2018/05/29 06:00 [entrez]
AID - S0168-8227(17)31410-9 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.diabres.2018.05.023 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2018 Sep;143:409-419. doi: 
      10.1016/j.diabres.2018.05.023. Epub 2018 May 26.