PMID- 29855530
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20191008
LR  - 20191008
IS  - 2045-2322 (Electronic)
IS  - 2045-2322 (Linking)
VI  - 8
IP  - 1
DP  - 2018 May 31
TI  - Diagnosis of atlanto-occipital dissociation: Standardised measurements of normal 
      craniocervical relationship in finless porpoises (genus Neophocaena) using 
      postmortem computed tomography.
PG  - 8474
LID - 10.1038/s41598-018-26866-8 [doi]
LID - 8474
AB  - Due to the different craniocervical structures in humans and cetaceans, a 
      standardised method assessing the normal craniocervical relationship in cetaceans 
      is lacking, causing difficulties in defining the presence of atlanto-occipital 
      dissociation (AOD) in cetaceans. The present study aimed to 1) describe a novel 
      standardised method of determining the normal craniocervical relationships, and 
      2) define the 95% accuracy range of the normal craniocervical relationship in 
      finless porpoises (genus Neophocaena), that allowed AOD diagnosis. Fifty-five out 
      83 stranded or by-caught finless porpoise carcasses were analyzed in term of 
      their craniocervical relationship in dorsal-ventral and medial-lateral dimension, 
      using postmortem computed tomography measurements. The normal craniocervical 
      relationship in both dorsal-ventral (mean BD/OV: 0.87 +/- 0.24 [2 SD]) and 
      medial-lateral dimension (mean VR/VL: 0.98 +/- 0.17 [2 SD]) was first defined. The 
      95% accuracy ranges of the normal craniocervical relationship in dorsal-ventral 
      (0.63-1.11) and medial-lateral dimension (0.82-1.15) were proposed. The baseline 
      ranges could facilitate AOD assessment, and provide an objective means of record 
      for AOD related injury and death of cetaceans caused by anthropogenic trauma. The 
      technique developed may be applied to live cetaceans with abnormal craniocervical 
      relationship to aid diagnosis and guide corrective therapy.
FAU - Kot, Brian C W
AU  - Kot BCW
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8932-1884
AD  - School of Medical and Health Sciences, Tung Wah College, Homantin, Kowloon, Hong 
      Kong SAR, China. briankot@yahoo.co.uk.
AD  - Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic 
      University, Hunghom, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China. briankot@yahoo.co.uk.
FAU - Chan, Derek K P
AU  - Chan DKP
AD  - School of Medical and Health Sciences, Tung Wah College, Homantin, Kowloon, Hong 
      Kong SAR, China.
FAU - Yuen, Adams H L
AU  - Yuen AHL
AD  - School of Medical and Health Sciences, Tung Wah College, Homantin, Kowloon, Hong 
      Kong SAR, China.
FAU - Tsui, Henry C L
AU  - Tsui HCL
AD  - Office of the Vice-President (Development and External Relations), City 
      University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20180531
PL  - England
TA  - Sci Rep
JT  - Scientific reports
JID - 101563288
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Atlanto-Occipital Joint/diagnostic imaging/injuries/*physiology
MH  - Female
MH  - Joint Dislocations/*diagnosis
MH  - Male
MH  - Porpoises
MH  - *Tomography, X-Ray Computed
PMC - PMC5981431
COIS- The authors declare no competing interests.
EDAT- 2018/06/02 06:00
MHDA- 2019/10/09 06:00
PMCR- 2018/05/31
CRDT- 2018/06/02 06:00
PHST- 2018/01/06 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2018/05/21 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2018/06/02 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2018/06/02 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2019/10/09 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2018/05/31 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 10.1038/s41598-018-26866-8 [pii]
AID - 26866 [pii]
AID - 10.1038/s41598-018-26866-8 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Sci Rep. 2018 May 31;8(1):8474. doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-26866-8.