PMID- 29855878
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20190102
LR  - 20190102
IS  - 1614-7499 (Electronic)
IS  - 0944-1344 (Linking)
VI  - 25
IP  - 23
DP  - 2018 Aug
TI  - Characterising boiler ash from a circulating fluidised bed municipal solid waste 
      incinerator and distribution of PCDD/F and PCB.
PG  - 22775-22789
LID - 10.1007/s11356-018-2402-7 [doi]
AB  - In this study, ash samples were collected from five locations situated in the 
      boiler of a circulating fluidised bed municipal solid waste incinerator (high- 
      and low-temperature superheater, evaporator tubes and upper and lower 
      economiser). These samples represent a huge range of flue gas temperatures and 
      were characterised for their particle size distribution, surface characteristics, 
      elemental composition, chemical forms of carbon and chlorine and distribution of 
      polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDD), dibenzofurans (PCDF) and biphenyls 
      (PCB). Enrichment of chlorine, one of the main elements of organochlorinated 
      pollutants, and copper, zinc and lead, major catalytic metals for dioxin-like 
      compounds, was observed in lower-temperature ash deposits. The speciation of 
      carbon and chlorine on ash surfaces was established, showing a positive 
      correlation between organic chlorine and oxygen-containing carbon functional 
      groups. The load of PCDD/F and PCB (especially dioxin-like PCB) tends to rise 
      rapidly with falling temperature of flue gas, reaching their highest value in 
      economiser ashes. The formation of PCDD/F congeners through the chlorophenol 
      precursor route apparently was enhanced downstream the boiler. Principal 
      component analysis (PCA) was applied to study the links between the ash 
      characteristics and distribution of chloro-aromatics. The primary purpose of this 
      study is improving the understanding of any links between the characteristics of 
      ash from waste heat systems and its potential to form PCDD/F and PCB. The 
      question is raised whether further characterisation of fly ash may assist to 
      establish a diagnosis of poor plant operation, inclusive the generation, 
      destruction and eventual emission of persistent organic pollutants (POPs).
FAU - Zhang, Mengmei
AU  - Zhang M
AD  - State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Institute for Thermal Power 
      Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
FAU - Buekens, Alfons
AU  - Buekens A
AD  - State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Institute for Thermal Power 
      Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
AD  - Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium.
FAU - Li, Xiaodong
AU  - Li X
AD  - State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Institute for Thermal Power 
      Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China. lixd@zju.edu.cn.
LA  - eng
GR  - 51706201/the National Natural Science Foundation of China/
GR  - 2017YFC0703100/National Key Research and Development Programme of China/
GR  - 51621005/the Science Fund for Creative Research Groups of the National Natural 
      Science Foundation of China/
GR  - -/the Pao Yu-Kong International Fund/
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20180531
PL  - Germany
TA  - Environ Sci Pollut Res Int
JT  - Environmental science and pollution research international
JID - 9441769
RN  - 0 (Coal Ash)
RN  - 0 (Dibenzofurans, Polychlorinated)
RN  - 0 (Environmental Pollutants)
RN  - 0 (Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins)
RN  - 0 (Solid Waste)
SB  - IM
MH  - Coal Ash/*analysis
MH  - Dibenzofurans, Polychlorinated/*analysis
MH  - Environmental Pollutants/*analysis
MH  - *Incineration
MH  - Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins/*analysis
MH  - Solid Waste/*analysis
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Boiler ash
OT  - Carbon speciation
OT  - Chlorine speciation
OT  - Circulating fluidised bed (CFB)
OT  - Municipal solid waste incineration (MSWI)
OT  - Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB)
OT  - Polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDD)
OT  - Polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDF)
EDAT- 2018/06/02 06:00
MHDA- 2019/01/03 06:00
CRDT- 2018/06/02 06:00
PHST- 2018/01/28 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2018/05/24 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2018/06/02 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2019/01/03 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2018/06/02 06:00 [entrez]
AID - 10.1007/s11356-018-2402-7 [pii]
AID - 10.1007/s11356-018-2402-7 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2018 Aug;25(23):22775-22789. doi: 
      10.1007/s11356-018-2402-7. Epub 2018 May 31.