PMID- 29867920 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20190607 LR - 20220129 IS - 1664-3224 (Print) IS - 1664-3224 (Electronic) IS - 1664-3224 (Linking) VI - 9 DP - 2018 TI - Phenotypic and Transcriptomic Analysis of Peripheral Blood Plasmacytoid and Conventional Dendritic Cells in Early Drug Naive Rheumatoid Arthritis. PG - 755 LID - 10.3389/fimmu.2018.00755 [doi] LID - 755 AB - OBJECTIVE: Dendritic cells (DCs) are key orchestrators of immune function. To date, rheumatoid arthritis (RA) researchers have predominantly focused on a potential pathogenic role for CD1c+ DCs. In contrast, CD141+ DCs and plasmacytoid DCs (pDCs) have not been systematically examined, at least in early RA. In established RA, the role of pDCs is ambiguous and, since disease duration and treatment both impact RA pathophysiology, we examined pDCs, and CD1c+ and CD141+ conventional DCs (cDCs), in early, drug-naive RA (eRA) patients. METHODS: We analyzed the frequency and phenotype of pDCs, CD1c+, and CD141+ DCs from eRA patients and compared findings with healthy controls. In parallel, we performed transcriptional analysis of >600 immunology-related genes (Nanostring) from peripheral blood pDCs, CD1c+ DCs, B cells, T cells, and monocytes. RESULTS: All DC subsets were reduced in eRA (n = 44) compared with healthy controls (n = 30) and, for pDCs, this was most marked in seropositive patients. CD141+ and CD1c+ DCs, but not pDCs, had a comparatively activated phenotype at baseline (increased CD86) and CD1c+ DC frequency inversely associated with disease activity. All DC frequencies remained static 12 months after initiation of immunomodulatory therapy despite a fall in activation markers (e.g., HLA-DR, CD40). There was no association between the whole blood interferon gene signature (IGS) and pDC or CD1c+ DC parameters but an inverse association between CD141+ DC frequency and IGS was noted. Furthermore, IFN-I and IFN-III mRNA transcripts were comparable between eRA pDC and other leukocyte subsets (B cells, CD4+, and CD8+ T cells and monocytes) with no obvious circulating cellular source of IFN-I or IFN-III. Transcriptomic analysis suggested increased pDC and CD1c+ DC proliferation in eRA; pDC differentially expressed genes also suggested enhanced tolerogenic function, whereas for CD1c+ DCs, pro-inflammatory transcripts were upregulated. DISCUSSION: This is the first detailed examination of DC subsets in eRA peripheral blood. Compared with CD1c+ DCs, pDCs are less activated and may be skewed toward tolerogenic functions. CD141+ DCs may be implicated in RA pathophysiology. Our findings justify further investigation of early RA DC biology. FAU - Cooles, Faye A H AU - Cooles FAH AD - Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University and National Institute for Health Research Newcastle Biomedical Research Centre at Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust and Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom. AD - Arthritis Research UK Rheumatoid Arthritis Pathogenesis Centre of Excellence (RACE), Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom. FAU - Anderson, Amy E AU - Anderson AE AD - Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University and National Institute for Health Research Newcastle Biomedical Research Centre at Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust and Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom. AD - Arthritis Research UK Rheumatoid Arthritis Pathogenesis Centre of Excellence (RACE), Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom. FAU - Skelton, Andrew AU - Skelton A AD - Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University and National Institute for Health Research Newcastle Biomedical Research Centre at Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust and Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom. AD - Arthritis Research UK Rheumatoid Arthritis Pathogenesis Centre of Excellence (RACE), Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom. FAU - Pratt, Arthur G AU - Pratt AG AD - Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University and National Institute for Health Research Newcastle Biomedical Research Centre at Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust and Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom. AD - Arthritis Research UK Rheumatoid Arthritis Pathogenesis Centre of Excellence (RACE), Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom. FAU - Kurowska-Stolarska, Mariola S AU - Kurowska-Stolarska MS AD - Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Glasgow, United Kingdom. AD - Arthritis Research UK Rheumatoid Arthritis Pathogenesis Centre of Excellence (RACE), University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom. FAU - McInnes, Iain AU - McInnes I AD - Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Glasgow, United Kingdom. AD - Arthritis Research UK Rheumatoid Arthritis Pathogenesis Centre of Excellence (RACE), University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom. FAU - Hilkens, Catharien M U AU - Hilkens CMU AD - Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University and National Institute for Health Research Newcastle Biomedical Research Centre at Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust and Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom. AD - Arthritis Research UK Rheumatoid Arthritis Pathogenesis Centre of Excellence (RACE), Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom. FAU - Isaacs, John D AU - Isaacs JD AD - Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University and National Institute for Health Research Newcastle Biomedical Research Centre at Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust and Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom. AD - Arthritis Research UK Rheumatoid Arthritis Pathogenesis Centre of Excellence (RACE), Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom. LA - eng GR - G1001518/MRC_/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom GR - MR/M003183/1/MRC_/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom GR - 20298/Arthritis Research UK/United Kingdom PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20180509 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Immunol JT - Frontiers in immunology JID - 101560960 SB - IM MH - Arthritis, Rheumatoid/blood/*immunology MH - Dendritic Cells/*immunology MH - Female MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Middle Aged MH - Phenotype MH - Transcriptome PMC - PMC5968398 OTO - NOTNLM OT - conventional dendritic cells OT - early rheumatoid arthritis OT - plasmacytoid dendritic cells OT - rheumatoid arthritis OT - tolerance EDAT- 2018/06/06 06:00 MHDA- 2018/06/06 06:01 PMCR- 2018/01/01 CRDT- 2018/06/06 06:00 PHST- 2017/10/21 00:00 [received] PHST- 2018/03/27 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2018/06/06 06:00 [entrez] PHST- 2018/06/06 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2018/06/06 06:01 [medline] PHST- 2018/01/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fimmu.2018.00755 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Immunol. 2018 May 9;9:755. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.00755. eCollection 2018.