PMID- 29871598
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20190628
LR  - 20231112
IS  - 1471-2458 (Electronic)
IS  - 1471-2458 (Linking)
VI  - 18
IP  - 1
DP  - 2018 Jun 5
TI  - Prevalence and factors associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus and hypertension 
      among the hill tribe elderly populations in northern Thailand.
PG  - 694
LID - 10.1186/s12889-018-5607-2 [doi]
LID - 694
AB  - BACKGROUND: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and hypertension (HT) are major 
      noncommunicable health problems in both developing and developed countries, 
      including Thailand. Each year, a large amount of money is budgeted for treatment 
      and care. Hill tribe people are a marginalized population in Thailand, and 
      members of its elderly population are vulnerable to health problems due to 
      language barriers, lifestyles, and daily dietary intake. METHODS: An analytic 
      cross-sectional study was conducted to estimate the prevalence of T2DM and HT and 
      to assess the factors associated with T2DM and HT. The study populations were 
      hill tribe elderly adults aged >/=  60 years living in Chiang Rai Province, 
      Thailand. A simple random method was used to select the targeted hill tribe 
      villages and participants into the study. A validated questionnaire, physical 
      examination form, and 5-mL blood specimen were used as research instruments. 
      Fasting plasma glucose and blood pressure were examined and used as outcome 
      measurements. Chi-square tests and logistic regression were used for detecting 
      the associations between variables at the significance level alpha=0.05. RESULTS: 
      In total, 793 participants participated in the study; 49.6% were male, and 51.7% 
      were aged 60-69 years. A total of 71.5% were Buddhist, 93.8% were uneducated, 
      62.9% were unemployed, and 89 % earned an income of < 5,000 baht/month. The 
      overall prevalence of T2DM and HT was 16.8% and 45.5%, respectively. 
      Approximately 9.0% individuals had comorbidity of T2DM and HT. Members of the 
      Lahu, Yao, Karen, and Lisu tribes had a greater odds of developing T2DM than did 
      those of the Akha tribe. Being overweight, having a parental history of T2DM, and 
      having high cholesterol were associated with T2DM development. In contrast, those 
      who engaged in highly physical activities and exercise had lower odds of 
      developing T2DM than did those who did not. Regarding HT, being female, having a 
      high dietary salt intake, being overweight, and having a parental history of HT 
      were associated with HT development among the hill tribe elderly populations. 
      CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of T2DH and HT among the hill tribe elderly 
      populations is higher than that among the general Thai population. Public health 
      interventions should focus on encouraging physical activity and reducing personal 
      weight, dietary salt intake, and greasy food consumption among the hill tribe 
      elderly.
FAU - Apidechkul, Tawatchai
AU  - Apidechkul T
AD  - Center of Excellence for the Hill tribe Health Research, Mae Fah Luang 
      University, Chiang Rai, Thailand. tk2016ms@gmail.com.
AD  - School of Health Science, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai, Thailand. 
      tk2016ms@gmail.com.
LA  - eng
GR  - 77/2015/National Research Council of Thailand/International
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20180605
PL  - England
TA  - BMC Public Health
JT  - BMC public health
JID - 100968562
SB  - IM
MH  - Aged
MH  - Cross-Sectional Studies
MH  - Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/*epidemiology
MH  - Female
MH  - *Health Status Disparities
MH  - Humans
MH  - Hypertension/*epidemiology
MH  - Life Style
MH  - Logistic Models
MH  - Male
MH  - Middle Aged
MH  - Population Groups/*statistics & numerical data
MH  - Prevalence
MH  - Risk Factors
MH  - Thailand/epidemiology
PMC - PMC5989444
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Elderly
OT  - Hill tribe
OT  - Hypertension
OT  - Thailand
OT  - Type 2 diabetes mellitus
COIS- ETHICS APPROVAL AND CONSENT TO PARTICIPATE: Consent to participate, all study 
      instruments and procedures were approved by the Ethics Committee for Human 
      Research, Mae Fah Laung University, Chiang Rai, Thailand (No. REH-58087). All 
      participants received an oral and written explanation and provided their consent 
      before a voluntary agreement was witnessed and documented by signature or 
      fingerprint. COMPETING INTERESTS: The author declares that he has no competing 
      interests. PUBLISHER'S NOTE: Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to 
      jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
EDAT- 2018/06/07 06:00
MHDA- 2019/06/30 06:00
PMCR- 2018/06/05
CRDT- 2018/06/07 06:00
PHST- 2018/02/01 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2018/05/24 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2018/06/07 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2018/06/07 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2019/06/30 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2018/06/05 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 10.1186/s12889-018-5607-2 [pii]
AID - 5607 [pii]
AID - 10.1186/s12889-018-5607-2 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - BMC Public Health. 2018 Jun 5;18(1):694. doi: 10.1186/s12889-018-5607-2.