PMID- 29882136
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20190304
LR  - 20190304
IS  - 1940-6029 (Electronic)
IS  - 1064-3745 (Linking)
VI  - 1803
DP  - 2018
TI  - Use of the LLNA:BrdU-ELISA for Skin Sensitization Hazard Assessment.
PG  - 101-116
LID - 10.1007/978-1-4939-8549-4_8 [doi]
AB  - Allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) continues to be an occupational and 
      environmental health issue. Consequently, there is a need to employ predictive 
      tests to reduce the incidence of skin sensitization leading to clinical 
      manifestations of ACD. For more than a decade, the murine local lymph node assay 
      (LLNA) has been the method of choice for the identification of skin sensitizers. 
      While the original LLNA protocol has been extensively evaluated and subjected to 
      exhaustive validation, the use of radioisotope (i.e., tritiated thymidine; 3HTdR) 
      has discouraged utilization of this powerful assay in some countries. To promote 
      further utilization of this method, the original LLNA protocol was refined to use 
      5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine, a nonradioactive analog of 3HTdR. The LLNA:BrdU-ELISA 
      has been reviewed, validated, and approved for use internationally, and its 
      performance is regarded as equivalent to the traditional LLNA. Here, we provide 
      guidance on how to perform and interpret data from this assay.
FAU - Lehmann, David M
AU  - Lehmann DM
AD  - Cardiopulmonary and Immunotoxicology Branch, National Health and Environmental 
      Effects Research Laboratory, Office of Research and Development, United States 
      Environmental Protection Agency, Triangle Park, NC, USA. lehmann.david@epa.gov.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PL  - United States
TA  - Methods Mol Biol
JT  - Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.)
JID - 9214969
RN  - G34N38R2N1 (Bromodeoxyuridine)
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Bromodeoxyuridine/*metabolism
MH  - Dissection
MH  - Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay/*methods
MH  - Erythema/pathology
MH  - Female
MH  - Immunization/*methods
MH  - *Local Lymph Node Assay
MH  - Mice
MH  - Skin/*immunology
MH  - Skin Irritancy Tests
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - 5-Bromo-2'-deoxyuridine (BrdU)
OT  - Allergic contact dermatitis (ACD)
OT  - Hazard identification
OT  - LLNA
OT  - Potency
OT  - Skin sensitization
EDAT- 2018/06/09 06:00
MHDA- 2019/03/05 06:00
CRDT- 2018/06/09 06:00
PHST- 2018/06/09 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2018/06/09 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2019/03/05 06:00 [medline]
AID - 10.1007/978-1-4939-8549-4_8 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Methods Mol Biol. 2018;1803:101-116. doi: 10.1007/978-1-4939-8549-4_8.