PMID- 29897026
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20200514
LR  - 20200514
IS  - 1469-8978 (Electronic)
IS  - 0033-2917 (Linking)
VI  - 49
IP  - 5
DP  - 2019 Apr
TI  - Learning to trust: social feedback normalizes trust behavior in first-episode 
      psychosis and clinical high risk.
PG  - 780-790
LID - 10.1017/S003329171800140X [doi]
AB  - BACKGROUND: Psychosis is characterized by problems in social functioning that 
      exist well before illness onset, and in individuals at clinical high risk (CHR) 
      for psychosis. Trust is an essential element for social interactions that is 
      impaired in psychosis. In the trust game, chronic patients showed reduced 
      baseline trust, impaired response to positive social feedback, and attenuated 
      brain activation in reward and mentalizing areas. We investigated whether 
      first-episode psychosis patients (FEP) and CHR show similar abnormalities in the 
      neural and behavioral mechanisms underlying trust. METHODS: Twenty-two FEP, 17 
      CHR, and 43 healthy controls performed two trust games, with a cooperative and an 
      unfair partner in the fMRI scanner. Region of interest analyses were performed on 
      mentalizing and reward processing areas, during the investment and outcome phases 
      of the games. RESULTS: Compared with healthy controls, FEP and CHR showed reduced 
      baseline trust, but like controls, learned to trust in response to cooperative 
      and unfair feedback. Symptom severity was not associated with baseline trust, 
      however in FEP associated with reduced response to feedback. The only group 
      differences in brain activation were that CHR recruited the temporo-parietal 
      junction (TPJ) more than FEP and controls during investment in the unfair 
      condition. This hyper-activation in CHR was associated with greater symptom 
      severity. CONCLUSIONS: Reduced baseline trust may be associated with risk for 
      psychotic illness, or generally with poor mental health. Feedback learning is 
      still intact in CHR and FEP, as opposed to chronic patients. CHR however show 
      distinct neural activation patterns of hyper-activation of the TPJ.
FAU - Lemmers-Jansen, Imke L J
AU  - Lemmers-Jansen ILJ
AD  - Department of Educational and Family studies,Faculty of Behavioral and Movement 
      Sciences, and Institute for Brain and Behavior Amsterdam,Vrije Universiteit 
      Amsterdam,Van der Boechorststraat 1, 1081 BT Amsterdam,The Netherlands.
FAU - Fett, Anne-Kathrin J
AU  - Fett AJ
AD  - Department of Psychology, City,University of London,Northampton Square,London 
      EC1V 0HB,UK.
FAU - Hanssen, Esther
AU  - Hanssen E
AD  - Department of Educational and Family studies,Faculty of Behavioral and Movement 
      Sciences, and Institute for Brain and Behavior Amsterdam,Vrije Universiteit 
      Amsterdam,Van der Boechorststraat 1, 1081 BT Amsterdam,The Netherlands.
FAU - Veltman, Dick J
AU  - Veltman DJ
AD  - Department of Psychiatry,VU Medical Center,Van der Boechorststraat 7,1081 BT 
      Amsterdam,The Netherlands.
FAU - Krabbendam, Lydia
AU  - Krabbendam L
AD  - Department of Clinical, Neuro and Developmental Psychology,Faculty of Behavioral 
      and Movement Sciences, and Institute for Brain and Behavior Amsterdam,Vrije 
      Universiteit Amsterdam,Van der Boechorststraat 1, 1081 BT Amsterdam,The 
      Netherlands.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20180613
PL  - England
TA  - Psychol Med
JT  - Psychological medicine
JID - 1254142
SB  - IM
MH  - Adolescent
MH  - Adult
MH  - Brain/*physiopathology
MH  - Brain Mapping/methods
MH  - Female
MH  - Games, Experimental
MH  - Humans
MH  - *Learning
MH  - Magnetic Resonance Imaging
MH  - Male
MH  - Psychotic Disorders/*physiopathology/psychology
MH  - Regression Analysis
MH  - Reward
MH  - Task Performance and Analysis
MH  - *Trust
MH  - Young Adult
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - CAARMS Comprehensive Assessment of At-Risk Mental States
OT  - CHR clinical high risk
OT  - FEP first-episode psychosis
OT  - PANSS Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale
OT  - ROI region of interest
OT  - TPJ temporo-parietal junction
OT  - WAIS Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale
OT  - mPFC medial prefrontal cortex
OT  - Clinical high risk
OT  - fMRI
OT  - first-episode psychosis
OT  - social feedback
OT  - trust
EDAT- 2018/06/14 06:00
MHDA- 2020/05/15 06:00
CRDT- 2018/06/14 06:00
PHST- 2018/06/14 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2020/05/15 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2018/06/14 06:00 [entrez]
AID - S003329171800140X [pii]
AID - 10.1017/S003329171800140X [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Psychol Med. 2019 Apr;49(5):780-790. doi: 10.1017/S003329171800140X. Epub 2018 
      Jun 13.