PMID- 29910858
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
LR  - 20220317
IS  - 2008-2258 (Print)
IS  - 2008-4234 (Electronic)
IS  - 2008-2258 (Linking)
VI  - 11
IP  - 2
DP  - 2018 Spring
TI  - Liver histopathological alteration after repeated intra-tracheal instillation of 
      titanium dioxide in male rats.
PG  - 159-168
AB  - AIM: The present study designed to evaluate the toxic effect of anatase TiO2 NPs 
      on BALF biochemical changes and liver alteration in rats. BACKGROUND: Titanium 
      dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles (NPs) are utilized in food color additives and 
      cosmetics worldwide. Humans uptake these nanoparticulate by different routes and 
      may exhibit potential side effects, lags behind the rapid development of 
      nanotechnology. METHODS: Sixty-three mats rats were used. Included by the control 
      group and the experimental groups treated twice a week with 0.5, 5, 50, 1.5, 15, 
      150 mg/kg of nano-TiO2 (size 21 nm), for four consecutive weeks. Animals were 
      sacrificed at 4 days, a month and three months post-instillation. The levels of 
      tumor necrosis factor - alpha (TNF-alpha) and macrophage inflammatory protein- 2 (MIP-2) 
      were measured in the lung homogenate and in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid 
      (BALF) supernatants by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and 
      histopathological examination of liver tissue was performed. RESULTS: The results 
      showed that TiO2 NP induces many alterations in the liver structure after 4 days, 
      a month and reduced after 3 months from intratracheal instillation. This included 
      liver heavy infiltration of inflammatory cells, an increase of collagen density 
      in portal triads, beginning of fibrosis formation and Glisson capsule thickness 
      increase and TiO2 NPs reached the liver tissue after a month from exposure at all 
      doses especially low doses (0.5, 1.5, 5) mg/kg of TiO2 NPs. CONCLUSION: The 
      immune system was strongly responded in the groups treated with high doses (15, 
      50, 150) mg/kg of TiO2 NP leading to raising the concentration of alpha-TNF, and 
      MIP-2 in BALF while they decrease in tissue homogenate.
FAU - Suker, Dhamia K
AU  - Suker DK
AD  - University of Basra, College of Science, Cell and Biotechnology Research Unit, 
      Basrah, Iraq.
FAU - Jasim, Fatimah A
AU  - Jasim FA
AD  - Ministry of Education, Basrah, Iraq.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PL  - Iran
TA  - Gastroenterol Hepatol Bed Bench
JT  - Gastroenterology and hepatology from bed to bench
JID - 101525875
PMC - PMC5990923
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Liver histopathological alteration
OT  - MIP-2 changes
OT  - TiO2 effects on TNF-alpha
OT  - Titanium dioxide effects
COIS- The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.
EDAT- 2018/06/19 06:00
MHDA- 2018/06/19 06:01
PMCR- 2018/03/01
CRDT- 2018/06/19 06:00
PHST- 2018/06/19 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2018/06/19 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2018/06/19 06:01 [medline]
PHST- 2018/03/01 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - GHFBB-11-159 [pii]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Gastroenterol Hepatol Bed Bench. 2018 Spring;11(2):159-168.